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FLASH GENE
Symbol RHOU contributors: mct - updated : 23-12-2011
HGNC name ras homolog gene family, member U
HGNC id 17794
DNA
TYPE functioning gene
STRUCTURE 102.02 kb     3 Exon(s)
MAPPING cloned Y linked N status confirmed
RNA
TRANSCRIPTS type messenger
identificationnb exonstypebpproduct
ProteinkDaAAspecific expressionYearPubmed
3 - 4386 - 258 - 2004 15556869
EXPRESSION
Type
   expressed in (based on citations)
organ(s)
SystemOrgan level 1Organ level 2Organ level 3Organ level 4LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
Digestiveintestinesmall intestine  highly
 stomach   highly
Endocrineadrenal gland   highly
 parathyroid   highly
Nervousbrainbasal nucleicorpus callosum  
 brainforebraincerebral cortex  
 braindiencephalonhypothalamus  
 nervecranial nerve  highly
Reproductivefemale systemuterus  highly
 male systemprostate  highly
tissue
SystemTissueTissue level 1Tissue level 2LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
Muscularstriatumskeletal  
cell lineage
cell lines
fluid/secretion
at STAGE
physiological period fetal
Text
  • expressed in the columnar endoderm epithelium lining the lateral and ventral wall of the anterior intestinal portal
  • PROTEIN
    PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    STRUCTURE
    motifs/domains
  • a unique N terminal domain containing several putative PXXP SH3-binding motifs
  • a proline-rich N-terminal extension, which has been found to bind SH3 domain containing proteins such as NCK and GRB2
  • GTP and GDP binding domains, the effector domain and a CAAX lipid modification signal in the C terminus
  • conjugated LipoP , Other
    mono polymer monomer
    HOMOLOGY
    interspecies homolog to murine Wrch1/Arhu
    homolog to Drosophila cg8831
    intraspecies homolog to CDC42, but containing unique N- and C-terminal extensions
    Homologene
    FAMILY
  • small GTPase superfamily
  • Rho family of GTPases
  • CATEGORY regulatory
    SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION     plasma membrane
        intracellular
    intracellular,cytoplasm,organelle,membrane
    intracellular,cytoplasm,organelle,Golgi
    intracellular,cytoplasm,organelle,endosome
    intracellular,nucleus
    text
  • after epidermal growth factor (EGF) stimulation, colocalizes with EGF receptor (EGFR) on endosomes, which requires both its N- and C-terminal extension sequences
  • basic FUNCTION
  • activating PAK1 and JNK1
  • inducing filopodium formation and stress fiber dissolution
  • mediating the effects of WNT1 signaling in the regulation of cell morphology, cytoskeleton organization and cell proliferation
  • involved in chromosome alignment during mitosis of HeLa cells
  • implicated in Wnt signaling, regulation of the cytoskeleton and cell proliferation
  • only RhoGTPase whose expression is induced by TNFSF11 during osteoclastogenesis
  • act on the actin cytoskeleton by stimulating filopodia formation and stress fibre dissolution
  • also involved in the regulation of cell:cell contacts in a PAR6-dependent manner
  • essential regulator of cranial neural crest cell migration
  • unique regulatory mechanism by which RHOU interaction with SH3 adaptor proteins might serve to integrate growth factor receptor signaling with RHOU activation
  • atypical Rho GTPase, that link WNT1 to downstream responses, such as cell transformation and gene transcription
  • its activity maintains the epithelial architecture of the endoderm progenitors, and its downregulation accompanies the transition of the columnar epithelium in the embryonic foregut to a multilayered cell sheet during organ formation
  • CELLULAR PROCESS cell cycle, division, mitosis
    cell life, proliferation/growth
    cell organization/biogenesis
    PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS
    PATHWAY
    metabolism
    signaling signal transduction
    a component
    INTERACTION
    DNA
    RNA
    small molecule nucleotide,
    GTP/GDP
    protein
  • common transcriptional target of both the STAT3 and WNT1 pathways
  • physically associates with activated EGFR in a GRB2-dependent manner through specific proline-rich motifs within its N-terminus
  • binding partner of ARHGAP30 and ARHGAP31 (have roles downstream of RHOU in cytoskeletal regulation and dissolution of focal adhesions)
  • link between RHOU and the endocytic machinery via the ARHGAP30/ARHGAP31 subfamily of RhoGAP proteins
  • cell & other
    REGULATION
    ASSOCIATED DISORDERS
    corresponding disease(s)
    Other morbid association(s)
    TypeGene ModificationChromosome rearrangementProtein expressionProtein Function
    tumoral     --low  
    lowexpressed in 40 cancer cell lines
    tumoral     --over  
    upregulated in primary kidney tumor (four cases), primary colon, gastric, breast, ovarian and uterus cancers (one case for each)
    Susceptibility to cutaneous basal cell carcinoma
    Variant & Polymorphism SNP increasing the risk of cutaneous basal cell carcinoma
    Candidate gene
    Marker
    Therapy target
    SystemTypeDisorderPubmed
    osteoarticularbone 
    could be an interesting target for the development of novel antiresorptive drugs
    ANIMAL & CELL MODELS