SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION
| plasma membrane
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| intracellular
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| intracellular,cytoplasm,organelle,endosome
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| intracellular,cytoplasm,organelle,lysosome
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text
| co-localized with integrin beta3 and/or beta1 in a hetero-polymeric complex in osteoclasts |
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Type 1 transmembrane glycosylated protein |
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partially localized in melanosomes, lysosomes, and early endosomes |
basic FUNCTION
| involved in growth delay and reduction of metastatic potential |
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might be central to malignancies and might also behave as a tumor suppressor |
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intracellular, endosomal/melanosomal compartment specific protein important for melanin biosynthesis and the development of the retinal pigment epithelium and iris |
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playing a role in mature osteoclast function |
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resides in the endocytic pathway of mature osteoclast-like cells and is possibly targeted to the plasma membrane or extracellular space upon osteoclast terminal differentiation |
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required for the differentiation of osteoblast cells |
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osteoclast-derived GPNMB is a novel stimulator of osteoclast activity and bone resorption |
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plays an important role in the regulation of osteoblast differentiation and function |
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GPNMB contributes to the tissue reparative phenotype of M2 macrophages and positively regulates functional activities of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) |
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plays important roles in various types of cancer and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) |
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might be an inducer for glioma and could enhance matrix metalloproteinase activity through WNT/CTNNB1 pathway to contribute to glioma tumorigenesis |
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GPNMB promotes glioma growth via ATP1A1, ATP1A2, ATP1A3, ATP1A4 |
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GPNMB is expressed in a temporal manner during eosinophil development and delivers a proliferative signal upon activation |
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augments bone mineral deposition by stimulating osteoblast differentiation, and has anti-inflammatory and reparative functions |
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promotes aggressive behaviors such as tumor cell proliferation, migration, and invasion |
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exerts its pro-tumorigenic role both intracellularly and in a paracrine fashion through shedding its extracellular domain |
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implicated in melanosome formation, autophagy, phagocytosis, tissue repair, and negative regulation of inflammation |