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FLASH GENE
Symbol RGS9 contributors: mct/npt - updated : 09-03-2016
HGNC name regulator of G-protein signalling 9
HGNC id 10004
Corresponding disease
PERRS prolonged electroretinal response suppression
Location 17q24.1      Physical location : 63.133.455 - 63.223.819
Synonym name
  • regulator of G protein signalling 9L
  • regulator of G-protein signaling 9L
  • Synonym symbol(s) RGS9L, MGC111763, MGC26458, PERRS
    DNA
    TYPE functioning gene
    STRUCTURE 90.27 kb     19 Exon(s)
    10 Kb 5' upstream gene genomic sequence study
    MAPPING cloned Y linked N status confirmed
    RNA
    TRANSCRIPTS type messenger
    identificationnb exonstypebpproduct
    ProteinkDaAAspecific expressionYearPubmed
    - splicing 2300 - 443 pineal gland and retina Rahman, Martemyanov (2008)
    lacks the C terminal proline-rich domain
    15 splicing 2438 76 671 striatum, hypothalamus, nucleus accumbens Rahman, Martemyanov (2008)
  • regulates dopamine and opioid signaling in the basal ganglia
  • versatile isoform of this protein that can function efficiently anywhere rapid inactivation of its G protein target(s) is needed
  • 15 - 2447 - 674 in retina, abundant in photoreceptors Martemyanov (2008)
  • light-dependent phosphorylated at ser 478 (phoshorylation decreased by light exposition)
  • regulates phototransduction in rods and cones
  • EXPRESSION
    Type
       expressed in (based on citations)
    organ(s)
    SystemOrgan level 1Organ level 2Organ level 3Organ level 4LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
    Nervousbrainbasal nucleicaudate nucleus highly
    nervousbrainbasal nucleiputamen highly
    Visualeyeretina   
    tissue
    SystemTissueTissue level 1Tissue level 2LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
    Epithelialsensoryvisualphotoreceptor layer 
    cells
    SystemCellPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
    Nervousneuron Homo sapiens
    Visualcone photoreceptor
    Visualrod photoreceptor
    cell lineage
    cell lines
    fluid/secretion
    at STAGE
    PROTEIN
    PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    STRUCTURE
    motifs/domains
  • a N terminal DEP (dishevelled/Egl10/pleckstrin) homology domain
  • a GGL domain forming complex with GNB5
  • a RGS homology domain directly responsible for accelerating the GTPase activity of G protein alpha-subunits (Martemyanov 2008)
  • a C terminal region highly enriched in proline and serine residues
  • mono polymer heteromer , dimer
    HOMOLOGY
    interspecies homolog to C.elegans EGL-10
    homolog to yeast SST2
    homolog to C.elegans c16c2.2
    homolog to murine Rgs9
    Homologene
    FAMILY
  • RGS family
  • CATEGORY regulatory
    SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION     intracellular
    intracellular,cytoplasm
    intracellular,nucleus
    text outer segments
    basic FUNCTION
  • functioning as GTPase activating protein for G proteins alpha i and q subunits
  • underlying the dominant recovery time of (mouse) photoreceptor that a precise level of expression of RGS9 is required for normal photoresponse timing
  • controlling PDE activity through regulation of transducin and inhibiting retinal guanylyl-cyclase
  • RGS9 and SLC24A1 are active in phototransduction in rods and cones
  • CELLULAR PROCESS
    PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS
    PATHWAY
    metabolism
    signaling sensory transduction/vision
    a component
  • heterodimer with G beta 5
  • INTERACTION
    DNA
    RNA
    small molecule
    protein
  • G (t)-alpha
  • G beta5
  • R9AP (anchor protein of RGS9)
  • cell & other
    REGULATION
    ASSOCIATED DISORDERS
    corresponding disease(s) PERRS
    Susceptibility to antipsychotic-induced tardive dyskinesia in schizophrenia
    Variant & Polymorphism other a significant association of the AGG haplotype (rs8077696-rs8070231-rs2292593) with antipsychotic-induced tardive dyskinesia in schizophrenia (Liou 2009)
    Candidate gene
    Marker
    Therapy target
    ANIMAL & CELL MODELS
    expression diminished in the amphetamine-treated animal model of schizophrenia and in post-mortem schizophrenia brain