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FLASH GENE
Symbol FFAR2 contributors: mct - updated : 11-03-2014
HGNC name free fatty acid activated receptor 2
HGNC id 4501
Location 19q13.1      Physical location : 35.940.616 - 35.942.667
Synonym name
  • G protein-coupled receptor 43
  • Synonym symbol(s) FFA2R, GPR43, GPCR43
    DNA
    TYPE functioning gene
    SPECIAL FEATURE component of a cluster
    STRUCTURE 2.07 kb     1 Exon(s)
    text structure intronless gene
    MAPPING cloned Y linked   status provisional
    regionally located . tightly linked to CD22, 77kb downstream of the GPR42 gene . component of a cluster of four GPCRs genes
    RNA
    TRANSCRIPTS type messenger
    identificationnb exonstypebpproduct
    ProteinkDaAAspecific expressionYearPubmed
    1 - 2069 - 330 - 2003 12711604
    EXPRESSION
    Type restricted
       expressed in (based on citations)
    organ(s)
    SystemOrgan level 1Organ level 2Organ level 3Organ level 4LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
    Cardiovascularheart   lowly
    Digestiveintestinelarge intestinecolon highly Homo sapiens
    Endocrinepancreas     Homo sapiens
    Lymphoid/Immunespleen   highly
    Urinarykidneytubuleconvoluted tubuledistal tubule  Homo sapiens
     kidneytubulecollecting duct   Homo sapiens
    tissue
    SystemTissueTissue level 1Tissue level 2LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
    Blood / hematopoieticbone marrow    Homo sapiens
    Connectiveadipose  predominantly Homo sapiens
    cells
    SystemCellPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
    Blood/Hematopoieticleukocyte Homo sapiens
    Blood/Hematopoieticmature hematopoietic Homo sapiens
    Endocrineislet cell (alpha,beta...) Homo sapiens
    not specificadipocyte Homo sapiens
    cell lineage
    cell lines
    fluid/secretion
    at STAGE
    PROTEIN
    PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    STRUCTURE
    motifs/domains
  • seven transmembrane segments (7TM) receptor
  • a highly conserved D(E)RY motif as in other Class A GPCRs at the bottom of TM3
  • putative acetate binding site formed by conserved polar residues in TM5, 6, and 7 as important for endogenous ligand binding
  • HOMOLOGY
    Homologene
    FAMILY G protein coupled receptor family
    CATEGORY receptor membrane G
    SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION     plasma membrane
    basic FUNCTION
  • upon ligand stimulation (acetate), mediates intracellular calcium mobilization
  • involved with acetate and propionate short chain fatty acids in adipogenesis
  • a role in the recruitment of polymorphonuclear cells
  • may have a role in the recruitment of leukocytes populations toward sites of bacterial infection
  • mediate short-chain fatty acids signaling in mammary epithelial cells and thereby play an important role in their stress management
  • FFAR2 binding of short-chain fatty acids potentially provides a molecular link between diet, gastrointestinal bacterial metabolism, and immune and inflammatory responses
  • G protein-coupled receptor activated by short chain carboxylic acids
  • bipotential role of polymorphonuclear leukocytes in mediating tissue destruction in chronic intestinal inflammation
  • G-protein-coupled receptor for short-chain fatty acids
  • functions as a tumor suppressor by mediating short-chain fatty acids -induced cell proliferation inhibition and apoptotic cell death in colon cancer
  • FFAR2, FFAR4 have different roles in mediating metabolic function in a number of tissues in the human body
  • play important roles not only as essential nutritional components but also as signaling molecules in numerous physiological processes
  • CELLULAR PROCESS
    PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS immunity/defense
    PATHWAY
    metabolism
    signaling
    a component
    INTERACTION
    DNA
    RNA
    small molecule
    protein
  • receptor for short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), acetate and propionate
  • ARRB2 mediates the internalization of FFAR2 by agonist
  • cell & other
    REGULATION
    activated by short chain fatty acids, especially acetate and propionate, in a concentration-dependent manner
    ASSOCIATED DISORDERS
    corresponding disease(s)
    Other morbid association(s)
    TypeGene ModificationChromosome rearrangementProtein expressionProtein Function
    tumoral        
    frequently lost in colon cancer cells
    Susceptibility
    Variant & Polymorphism
    Candidate gene
  • may be a plausible target for a variety of inflammatory diseases
  • Marker
    Therapy target
    ANIMAL & CELL MODELS