SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION
| intracellular
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| intracellular,cytoplasm,organelle,mitochondria,interspace
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| intracellular,cytoplasm,organelle,mitochondria,matrix
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| intracellular,cytoplasm,organelle,Golgi
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| intracellular,cytoplasm,cytoskeleton,microtubule,centrosome
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| intracellular,nucleus,nucleolus
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| localize specifically to mitochondria, where it also plays essential roles |
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both ARL2 and TBCD also localize to centrosomes |
basic FUNCTION
| having related but distinct roles at centrosomes and in regulating microtubule-dependent processes |
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beta-tubulin cofactor D (TBCD) participate in apical junctional complex disassembly and epithelial depolarization |
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involved in the folding of tubulin peptides |
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plays essential roles in the biogenesis of tubulin and in microtubule dynamics, as well as traffic of farnesylated proteins |
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is essential to a number of mitochondrial functions, including mitochondrial morphology, motility, and maintenance of ATP levels |
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plays likely essential roles inside mitochondria along with other cellular functions, at least in part to provide coupling of regulation between these essential cell processes |
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ARL2, and its cytosolic binding partner cofactor D (TBCD), is important in tubulin folding and microtubule dynamics |
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roles for ARL2, in concert with its closest paralog ARL3, in the traffic of farnesylated cargos between membranes and specifically to cilia and photoreceptor cells |
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ARL2 and ARL3 play a fundamental role as regulators of trafficking of lipid modified proteins between different compartments |
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plays a role in the regulation of mitochondrial fusion |
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ARL2 and its GAP, ELMOD2, regulate mitofusins and mitochondrial fusion and are themselves regulated in abundance at mitochondria |
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ARL2 and ELMOD2 are changing in a highly specific and regulated fashion in response to specific cellular demands and signals |
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is the first regulatory (small) GTPase shown to act inside mitochondria or in the fusion pathway |
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ARL2 plays likely a regulatory role in mitochondrial fusion, acting from the intermembrane space (IMS) and requiring at least one of the mitofusins in their canonical role in fusion of the outer membranes |
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ARL2 plays a key role in regulating the dynamics of microtubules and mitochondrial functions |
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ARL2 inhibits the proliferation, migration and tumorigenicity of glioma cells by regulating the expression of AXL |