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FLASH GENE
Symbol SLC31A1 contributors: mct/npt - updated : 26-06-2009
HGNC name solute carrier family 31 (copper transporters), member 1
HGNC id 11016
Location 9q32      Physical location : 115.983.807 - 116.026.771
Synonym name
  • copper transporter 1
  • Copper uptake protein 1
  • Synonym symbol(s) CTR1, COPT1, hCTR1, MGC75487
    DNA
    TYPE functioning gene
    STRUCTURE 42.91 kb     5 Exon(s)
    10 Kb 5' upstream gene genomic sequence study
    MAPPING cloned Y linked N status provisional
    RNA
    TRANSCRIPTS type messenger
    identificationnb exonstypebpproduct
    ProteinkDaAAspecific expressionYearPubmed
    - - - 2000 - 190 ubiquitous Zhou
    5 - 4797 - 190 ubiquitous Zhou, De Feo (2009)
    - - 8500 - 95 highly in choroid plexus and renal tubules, eye, ovary, testis Zhou
    EXPRESSION
    Type ubiquitous
       expressed in (based on citations)
    organ(s)
    SystemOrgan level 1Organ level 2Organ level 3Organ level 4LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
    Digestivepharynx   highly
    Reproductivefemale systemuteruscervix highly
    Respiratoryrespiratory tracttrachea  highly
    cell lineage
    cell lines
    fluid/secretion
    at STAGE
    physiological period embryo
    PROTEIN
    PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    STRUCTURE
    motifs/domains
  • N terminal extracellular metal binding site rich in methionine, histidine, serine
  • three transmembrane domains
  • mono polymer homomer , trimer , heptamer
    HOMOLOGY
    interspecies homolog to yeast ctr1
    homolog to Arabidopsis copt1
    Homologene
    FAMILY
  • solute carrier family 31, copper
  • CATEGORY transport carrier
    SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION     plasma membrane
        intracellular
    intracellular,cytoplasm,cytosolic,vesicle
    text in some cell lines, CTR1 predominantly in an intracellular vesicular perinuclear compartment, and in others predominantly at the plasma membrane
  • majority of protein is localized at the plasma membrane (Eisses 2005)
  • basic FUNCTION
  • putatively involved in Cu homeostasis and copper during embryonic development
  • oligomeric form acts as a conventional transporter providing a permeation pathway for Cu through the membrane and internalization of endogenous form in response to elevated extracellular Cu levels does not play a significant regulatory role in Cu homeostasis (Eisses 2005)
  • plays a key role in the physiologically important delivery of copper from blood to intracellular proteins, whereas its role in the initial apical uptake of dietary copper is indirect (Zimnicka 2007)
  • creates a pore that stretches across the membrane bilayer at the interface between the subunits (the second transmembrane helix is the key element lining the pore, and important residues on this helix could participate in Cu(I)-coordination during transport) (De Feo 2009)
  • CELLULAR PROCESS
    PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS development , cellular trafficking transport
    PATHWAY
    metabolism metal
    signaling
    a component
    INTERACTION
    DNA
    RNA
    small molecule metal binding,
  • stably binds 2 Cu(I)-ions through 3-coordinate Cu–S bonds (De Reo 2009)
  • protein
    cell & other
    REGULATION
    ASSOCIATED DISORDERS
    ANIMAL & CELL MODELS