motifs/domains
| a chemokine domain with 76 AAs : |
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N terminus up to the first cysteine (Cys-8) |
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a long loop followed by a three-stranded antiparallel beta-sheet (residues 24–51) |
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a mucin stalk domain (241 AAs) |
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a membrane associated structure (18 AAs) |
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a stretch of hydrophobic residues towards the C terminus |
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a C-terminal alpha-helix (residues 56–67) packed against the beta-sheet, and C-terminus carries important determinants for cellular trafficking but not for function of the chemokine during leukocyte recruitment |
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cytoplasmic tail facilitating its constitutive clathrin-mediated endocytosis |
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basic FUNCTION
| involved in recruitment of T cells for interaction with mature dendritic cell in the immune response |
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chemotactic for neutrophils with direct role in cell adhesion |
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involved in mononuclear cell recruitment into atherosclerotic lesions and in inflammatory response |
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playing a major role in promoting adhesion of monocytic cells to activated smooth muscle cells |
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involved in the control of leukocyte traffic at the endothelium |
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increasing cell-cell adhesion and aortic smooth muscle proliferation, indicating a role in initiation and progression of atherosclerotic vascular disease |
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promote trophoblast migration (having direct effects with CCL14 on trophoblast adhesion molecules and ECM, suggesting mechanisms by which trophoblast cells migrate during early pregnancy) |
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role of CX3CL1 in osteoblast-induced osteoclast differentiation |
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soluble CX3CL1 induced migration of bone marrow cells containing osteoclast precursors, whereas immobilized CX3CL1 mediated firm adhesion of osteoclast precursors |
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may play a key role in the mechanism of angiogenesis and carcinogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma ( |
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expressed on both endothelial and epithelial cells induces leukocyte transmigration, via the DRY motif and C-terminus of CX3CR1 and the activity of ADAM10 ( |
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CX3CR1 and CX3CL1 are required for the survival of both TH1 and TH2 cells in inflamed airways |
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CX3CL1 exerts cytotoxic effects on the endothelium as well as anti-apoptotic and proliferative effects on vascular cells, affecting the context and stability of the atherosclerotic plaque |
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important pathogenic role of CX3CL1/CX3CR1 in atherogenesis and plaque destabilization |
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islets express and secrete CX3CL1 and CX3CL1 impacts them by decreasing glucagon secretion without affecting insulin secretion |
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fractalkine present at the apical microvillous plasma membrane of the syncytiotrophoblast may mediate close interaction of placental villi with circulating maternal blood cells |
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fractalkine) is the only member of the CX3C (delta) subfamily of chemokines which is unique and combines the properties of both chemoattractant and adhesion molecules |
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CX3CL1 has a major role in the progression of Alzheimer Disease |
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CX3CL1 and its receptor CX3CR1 play a fundamental role in the pathophysiology of stroke |
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CX3CL1/CX3CR1 communication system has anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects and plays an important role in maintaining autophagy activity |
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CX3CL1 is essential in the crosstalk between neurons and microglia |
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chemokine involved in the anticancer function of lymphocytes-mainly NK cells, T cells and dendritic cells 0 |