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FLASH GENE
Symbol ATG14 contributors: mct - updated : 07-03-2016
HGNC name ATG14 autophagy related 14 homolog (S. cerevisiae)
HGNC id 19962
Location 14q22.3      Physical location : 55.833.109 - 55.878.576
Synonym name
  • beclin 1-associated autophagy-related key regulator
  • beclin 1-Interacting protein
  • KIAA0831
  • hypothetical protein LOC22863
  • Synonym symbol(s) KIAA0831, ATG14L, MGC126291, MGC126292, BARKOR
    DNA
    TYPE functioning gene
    STRUCTURE 45.47 kb     10 Exon(s)
    MAPPING cloned Y linked N status provisional
    RNA
    TRANSCRIPTS type messenger
    identificationnb exonstypebpproduct
    ProteinkDaAAspecific expressionYearPubmed
    10 - 4742 55.2 492 - 2008 19050071
    EXPRESSION
    Type
       expressed in (based on citations)
    organ(s)
    SystemOrgan level 1Organ level 2Organ level 3Organ level 4LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
    Nervousbrain    
    cell lineage
    cell lines
    fluid/secretion
    at STAGE
    PROTEIN
    PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    STRUCTURE
    motifs/domains
  • an N-terminal zinc finger motif
  • a central coiled-coil domain (CCD) (specifically binds to Beclin 1 through its CCD)
  • a domain organization similar to Atg14 in yeast
  • HOMOLOGY
    Homologene
    FAMILY
    CATEGORY unknown/unspecified
    SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION     intracellular
    intracellular,cytoplasm,organelle,endoplasmic reticulum
    intracellular,nucleus
    text
  • specific to the autophagy complex and localizes to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
  • basic FUNCTION
  • required for suppression of the autophagy-mediated intracellular survival of Salmonella typhimurium in mammalian cells
  • involved in regulatory signaling pathway that positively controls autophagy through Beclin 1 (Sun 2008
  • ATG14-dependent appearance of PI3P in the ER makes this organelle the platform for autophagosome formation
  • role of ATG14 in autophagosome formation
  • function of ATG14 in the endocytic trafficking pathway wherein ATG14 binds to and colocalizes with the fusogenic SNARE effector protein Snapin to facilitate endosome maturation
  • functions as a multivalent trafficking effector that regulates endosome maturation as well as autophagosome formation, reflecting the complexity of the crosstalk between autophagic and endocytic vesicle trafficking in higher eukaryotes
  • autophagy-essential gene present only in the proautophagy PIK3C3 complex
  • promotes membrane tethering and fusion of autophagosomes to endolysosomes
  • key role of ATG14 in controlling autophagosome fusion with a lysosome
  • CELLULAR PROCESS
    PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS
    PATHWAY
    metabolism
    signaling
    a component
  • major component of the Beclin 1–PI3KC3 complex
  • INTERACTION
    DNA
    RNA
    small molecule
    protein
  • competes with UV radiation resistance associated gene product (UVRAG) for interaction with BCN1, and the complex formation of Barkor and BCN1 is required for their localizations to autophagosomes
  • BECN1 interacting protein (might promote the translocation of BECN1 from the trans-Golgi network to autophagosomes)
  • BECN1 coiled coil domain (CCD) serves as an interaction platform for assembly of distinct ATG14- and UVRAG-containing complexes to modulate PIK3C3 activity
  • directly interacts with BECN1 through its coiled-coil domain and enhances phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate kinase class III (PI3KC3) activity to induce autophagosome membrane nucleation
  • specifically binds to Snapin and this interaction effectively facilitates endosomal maturation without affecting autophagic cargo degradation
  • actin filaments colocalized with ATG14, BECN1/Beclin1 and PtdIns3P-rich structures, and some of them have a typical omegasome shape stained with the double FYVE domain or ZFYVE1
  • is a new target gene of FOXOs and the core clock machinery, and this gene plays an important role in hepatic lipid metabolism
  • dictates the differential regulation (either inhibition or activation) of different PIK3C3 complexes in response to glucose starvation
  • ER-resident SNARE protein syntaxin 17 (STX17) binds ATG14 and recruits it to the ER-mitochondria contact site
  • is critical in controlling an autophagy-dependent phosphorylation of BECN1
  • DACT1 enhances the ATG14-BECN1-PIK3C3 complex formation and PIK3C3 kinase activity
  • NRBF2 may interact with the ATG14-containing BECN1-PIK3C3 protein complex to modulate protein-protein interactions within the complex, leading to suppression of PIK3C3 activity, autophagosome biogenesis, and autophagic flux
  • ATG14 binds to the SNARE core domain of STX17 through its coiled-coil domain, and stabilizes the STX17-SNAP29 binary t-SNARE complex on autophagosomes
  • ATG14-STX17-SNAP29 interaction mediates autophagosome-lysosome tethering and fusion events, thus revealing a novel function of ATG14 in the later steps of the autophagy pathway
  • directly binds to the STX17-SNAP29 binary complex on autophagosomes and promotes STX17-SNAP29-VAMP8-mediated autophagosome fusion with lysosomes
  • USP36 is regulator for the PRKN-dependent mitophagy at least in part via the BECN1-ATG14 pathway
  • cell & other
    REGULATION
    ASSOCIATED DISORDERS
    corresponding disease(s)
    Other morbid association(s)
    TypeGene ModificationChromosome rearrangementProtein expressionProtein Function
    constitutional     --over  
    leads to autophagy activation and increased number and enlarged volume of autophagosomes (Sun 2008)
    Susceptibility
    Variant & Polymorphism
    Candidate gene
    Marker
    Therapy target potential target for drug development in the treatment of human diseases implicated in autophagic dysfunction
    ANIMAL & CELL MODELS