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FLASH GENE
Symbol MSI2 contributors: mct - updated : 16-02-2018
HGNC name musashi homolog 2 (Drosophila)
HGNC id 18585
Location 17q22      Physical location : 55.333.930 - 55.757.299
Synonym name
  • RNA-binding protein Musashi homolog 2
  • musashi-2
  • Synonym symbol(s) MSI2H, MGC3245, FLJ36569
    DNA
    TYPE functioning gene
    STRUCTURE 428.84 kb     14 Exon(s)
    10 Kb 5' upstream gene genomic sequence study
    MAPPING cloned Y linked N status provisional
    RNA
    TRANSCRIPTS type messenger
    identificationnb exonstypebpproduct
    ProteinkDaAAspecific expressionYearPubmed
    14 - 1581 35.2 328 - 2017 27941885
    isoform a
    10 - 2151 - 251 - 2017 27941885
    isoform b
    11 - 2293 - 255 - 2017 27941885
    14 - 6302 - 324 - 2017 27941885
    EXPRESSION
    Type ubiquitous
       expressed in (based on citations)
    organ(s)
    SystemOrgan level 1Organ level 2Organ level 3Organ level 4LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
    Cardiovascularheart    
    Digestiveliver    
    Lymphoid/Immunelymph node    
    Nervousbrainforebraincerebral cortex  
     brainbasal nuclei   
    tissue
    SystemTissueTissue level 1Tissue level 2LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
    Muscularstriatumskeletal  
    Nervouscentral   
    Nervousperipherous   
    cells
    SystemCellPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
    Blood/Hematopoieticprogenitor cell Homo sapiens
    Nervousoptic nerve
    cell lineage
    cell lines
    fluid/secretion
    at STAGE
    physiological period fetal, pregnancy
    Text eye, lens, retina, optic nerve, RPE, choroid, placenta
    PROTEIN
    PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    STRUCTURE
    motifs/domains
  • two N-terminal RRMs (RNA-recognition Motifs, also called RBDs (RNA-binding Domains)), RRM1 and RRM2, which mediate the binding to their target mRNAs
  • conjugated PhosphoP
    HOMOLOGY
    interspecies homolog to rattus Msi2 (89.6pc)
    homolog to murine Msi2 (99.7pc)
    Homologene
    FAMILY
  • Musashi family of RNA-binding proteins
  • CATEGORY RNA associated
    SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION     intracellular
    intracellular,cytoplasm,organelle
    text polysomes
    basic FUNCTION
  • regulating the expression of target mRNAs at the translation level
  • may play a role in the proliferation and maintenance of stem cells in the central nervous system
  • required in male meiosis, and has distinct roles at different stages of germ cell differentiation
  • MSI2, and MSI1 affect asymmetric cell division, germ and somatic stem cell function and cell fate determination in various somatic tissues
  • mRNA-binding protein MSI2 influences proliferation and differentiation of HSCs and myeloid progenitors
  • might be a key gene for self-renewal in leukemia
  • distinct roles for Musashi-1 and Musashi-2 in the control of insulin expression and beta-cell proliferation
  • MSI2 is a central component in an unappreciated oncogenic pathway promoting intestinal transformation
  • key function of MSI2 in restricting epithelial cell migration
  • is required for cell survival and optimal osteoclastogenesis by affecting NOTCH1 signaling and NFKB1 activation
  • potent oncogene playing key roles in myeloid leukemia and gastrointestinal malignancies
  • MSI2 maintains quiescent state of Hair follicle stem cells (HFSCs) in the process of the telogen-to-anagen transition
  • MSI1 and MSI2 are emerging as regulators of multiple critical biological processes relevant to cancer initiation, progression, and drug resistance
  • MSI2 RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) is a central regulator of translation of cancer stem cell programs
  • fundamental role for MSI2 in post-transcriptional regulation during male gamete development
  • is a key regulator in stem cells, it is over-expressed in a variety of cancers and its higher expression is associated with poor prognosis
  • CELLULAR PROCESS cell life, proliferation/growth
    protein, translation regulation
    PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS development
    PATHWAY
    metabolism
    signaling
    apparent role of the Musashi-NUMB pathway in regulating the formation of aggressive myeloid leukemia, and thus provide a potential molecular mechanism for the transition of chronic phase CML to the deadly blast crisis
    a component
    INTERACTION
    DNA
    RNA binding
    small molecule
    protein
  • associate with the transcription factor SOX2, which is required for the self-renewal of embryonic stem cells (ESC)
  • MSI2 promotes the development and progression of pancreatic cancer by down-regulating NUMB protein
  • interaction of MSI2-NUMB plays a significant role in the development and progression of Pancreatic cancer
  • might play a crucial role in sustaining stemness and chemoresistance of liver cancer stem cells (CSCs) via LIN28A-dependent manner in hepatocellular crcinoma
  • MSI2 is a novel ubiquitination target protein of RHOBTB2
  • MSI1 and MSI2 bind and regulate the mRNA stability and translation of proteins operating in essential oncogenic signaling pathways, including NUMB/NOTCH, PTEN/MTOR, TGFB1/SMAD3, MYC, MET
  • SYNCRIP and MSI2 interact indirectly though shared mRNA targets (SYNCRIP maintains HOXA9 translation, and MSI2 or HOXA9 overexpression rescued the effects of SYNCRIP depletion)
  • cell & other
    REGULATION
    ASSOCIATED DISORDERS
    corresponding disease(s)
    Other morbid association(s)
    TypeGene ModificationChromosome rearrangementProtein expressionProtein Function
    tumoral fusion translocation    
    translocations, t(7;17)(p15;q23), resulted in a chimeric gene that fused exon 9 of MSI2 and HOXA9;fusion protein retained the 2 intact RRM domains of MSI2 fused to the homeobox domain of HOXA9
    tumoral     --over  
    in human myeloid leukemia cell lines
    tumoral     --over  
    in leukemic cells of AML patients and elevated MSI2 associated with poor prognosis in both acute and chronic myeloid leukemia
    tumoral     --other  
    ectopic MSI1 expression may contribute to tumorigenesis in selected bladder cancers through multiple mechanisms
    constitutional       loss of function
    disrupts the balance between germ-line stem cell renewal and differentiation, resulting in the premature differentiation of germ-line stem cells
    tumoral     --over  
    MSI1 and MSI2 were significantly up-regulated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissues, but only high expression of MSI2 correlated with poor prognosis
    Susceptibility
    Variant & Polymorphism
    Candidate gene
    Marker
  • could serve as a candidate for diagnosis and prognosis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC)
  • MSI2 but not NUMB is associated with shorter Overall survival (OS) in AML patients and may indicate a more aggressive form of AML
  • its expression is a new prognostic marker in acute myeloid leukemia (AML)
  • Therapy target
    SystemTypeDisorderPubmed
    cancerdigestiveoesophagus
    could serve as a candidate for a potential therapeutic target in ESCC
    cancerhemopathy 
    its expression is a new target for therapy in acute myeloid leukemia (AML)
    cancerhemopathy 
    Musashi-NUMB pathway may provide target for future therapies that are desperately needed for aggressive forms of myeloid leukemia
    cancerdigestiveliver
    has the potential to be a new predictive biomarker of HCC prognosis and invasion
    ANIMAL & CELL MODELS