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FLASH GENE
Symbol LYPLA1 contributors: mct - updated : 28-12-2021
HGNC name lysophospholipase I
HGNC id 6737
Location 8q11.23      Physical location : 54.958.938 - 55.014.577
Synonym name
  • lysophospholipid-specific lysophospholipase
  • acyl-protein thioesterase-1
  • Synonym symbol(s) LPL1, APT-1, LYSOPLA, hAPT1
    EC.number 3.1.1.5, 3.1.2.-
    DNA
    TYPE functioning gene
    STRUCTURE 55.64 kb     9 Exon(s)
    10 Kb 5' upstream gene genomic sequence study
    MAPPING cloned Y linked N status confirmed
    RNA
    TRANSCRIPTS type messenger
    text
  • using of alternate polyadenylation sites
  • identificationnb exonstypebpproduct
    ProteinkDaAAspecific expressionYearPubmed
    9 - 2515 24.5 230 - 2019 30431103
    8 - 2475 - 181 - 2019 30431103
    8 - 2467 - 214 - 2019 30431103
    8 - 2413 - 196 - 2019 30431103
    9 - 2473 - 216 - 2019 30431103
    9 - 2447 - 166 - 2019 30431103
    EXPRESSION
    Type widely
       expressed in (based on citations)
    organ(s)
    SystemOrgan level 1Organ level 2Organ level 3Organ level 4LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
    Digestivesalivary gland   highly
    Lymphoid/Immunelymph node   moderately
    Reproductivemale systemtestis  moderately
    Urinarybladder   highly
    tissue
    SystemTissueTissue level 1Tissue level 2LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
    Blood / hematopoieticbone marrow  highly
    cell lineage
    cell lines
    fluid/secretion
    at STAGE
    PROTEIN
    PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    STRUCTURE
    motifs/domains
    mono polymer homomer , dimer
    HOMOLOGY
    interspecies homolog to rattus Lypla1 (92.2 pc)
    homolog to murine Lypla1 (91.7 pc)
    Homologene
    FAMILY
  • AB hydrolase 2 family
  • CATEGORY enzyme
    SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION extracellular
        plasma membrane
        intracellular
    intracellular,cytoplasm,organelle,membrane
    intracellular,cytoplasm,organelle,endoplasmic reticulum
    intracellular,cytoplasm,cytosolic
    intracellular,nucleus
    intracellular,nuclear envelope
    basic FUNCTION
  • hydrolyzing fatty acids from S-acylated cysteine residues in proteins such as trimeric G alpha proteins or HRAS
  • acting also as a low lysophospholipase
  • hydrolyzing lysophosphatidylcholine in both monomeric and micellar forms
  • LYPLA1, LYPLA2 are cytosolic enzymes that catalyze depalmitoylation of membrane-anchored, palmitoylated HRAS and growth-associated protein-43 (GAP43), respectively
  • is an important regulator of melanoma invasion and metastatic behavior
  • likely LYPLA1 and LYPLA2 are each able to account for the loss of the other to maintain lipid homeostasis in cells
  • CELLULAR PROCESS
    PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS
    PATHWAY
    metabolism lipid/lipoprotein
    signaling
    fatty acid metabolism
    a component
    INTERACTION
    DNA
    RNA
    small molecule
    protein
  • substrate specificity by LYPLA1 and LYPLAL1 for the cysteine residues in the S0–S1 loop of the BK channel
  • acyl thioesterases LYPLA1 and LYPLAL1, but not LYPLA2, depalmitoylate BK channels
  • NMNAT2 is a substrate for cytosolic thioesterases LYPLA1 and LYPLA2 and palmitoylation/depalmitoylation dynamics are on a time scale similar to its short half-life
  • LYPLA1 and LYPLA2 were initially identified from biochemical assays as G protein depalmitoylases, yet later were shown to accept a number of S-palmitoylated protein and phospholipid substrates
  • LYPLA1-mediated depalmitoylation is a major mechanism of asymmetric cell division that maintains Notch- and Wnt-associated protein dynamics, gene expression, and cellular functions
  • Cys141 and Cys498 AAs on ACE2 are S-palmitoylated by ZDHHC3 and de-palmitoylated by LYPLA1, which is critical for the membrane-targeting of ACE2 and their extracellular vesicles (EVs) secretion to interacts with the viral spike (S) protein of the SARS-CoV-2
  • cell & other
    REGULATION
    ASSOCIATED DISORDERS
    corresponding disease(s)
    Susceptibility
    Variant & Polymorphism
    Candidate gene
    Marker
    Therapy target
    SystemTypeDisorderPubmed
    cancerskin 
    inhibition of LYPLA1 may represent a novel way to treat WNT5a driven cancers
    ANIMAL & CELL MODELS
  • Apt1 enzyme activity was decreased in endothelial cells from db/db mice