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FLASH GENE
Symbol YWHAE contributors: mct/ - updated : 19-09-2019
HGNC name tyrosine 3-monooxygenase/tryptophan 5-monooxygenase activation protein, epsilon polypeptide
HGNC id 12851
Corresponding disease
DEL17P13D chromosome 17p13 deletion, distal to PAFAH1B1 involving YWHAE.
DUP17P13 chromosome 17p13.3 microduplications
MDS Miller-Dieker lissencephaly syndrome
Location 17p13.3      Physical location : 1.247.835 - 1.303.556
Synonym name
  • 14-3-3 epsilon protein
  • mitochondrial import stimulation factor L subunit
  • protein kinase C inhibitor protein-1
  • Synonym symbol(s) 14-3-3-E, KCIP-1, MDCR, FLJ45465, HEL2, FLJ53559
    DNA
    TYPE functioning gene
    SPECIAL FEATURE arranged in tandem
    STRUCTURE 55.72 kb     6 Exon(s)
    10 Kb 5' upstream gene genomic sequence study
    MAPPING cloned Y linked N status confirmed
    RNA
    TRANSCRIPTS type messenger
    identificationnb exonstypebpproduct
    ProteinkDaAAspecific expressionYearPubmed
    6 - 1827 29 255 - 2019 30651536
    EXPRESSION
    Type ubiquitous
       expressed in (based on citations)
    organ(s)
    SystemOrgan level 1Organ level 2Organ level 3Organ level 4LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
    Cardiovascularheart   highly Mus musculusFetal
     vessel   predominantly
    Digestiveesophagus   highly
     intestinesmall intestine  moderately
     liver   moderately
     mouthtongue  moderately
    Endocrineparathyroid   moderately
    Nervousbrain   moderately
    Reproductivefemale systemuteruscervix moderately
    Visualeyeretina  predominantly Mus musculus
    tissue
    SystemTissueTissue level 1Tissue level 2LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
    Blood / hematopoieticbone marrow   
    Connectivebone   
    Muscularstriatumcardiac   Mus musculusFetal
    cells
    SystemCellPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
    Muscularmyocyte Mus musculusFetal
    Visualrod photoreceptor Mus musculus
    cell lineage
    cell lines
    fluid/secretion
    at STAGE
    PROTEIN
    PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    STRUCTURE
    motifs/domains
    mono polymer homomer , dimer
    HOMOLOGY
    interspecies ortholog to rattus Ywhae (98.8pc)
    ortholog to murine Ywhae (99.6pc)
    Homologene
    FAMILY
  • 14-3-3 family
  • CATEGORY adaptor , regulatory , signaling neurotransmitter
    SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION     intracellular
    intracellular,cytoplasm,organelle,mitochondria
    intracellular,cytoplasm,organelle,Golgi
    intracellular,cytoplasm,cytosolic
    intracellular,cytoplasm,cytoskeleton,microtubule
    intracellular,nucleus,chromatin/chromosome,kinetochore
    intracellular,nucleus,nucleolus
    basic FUNCTION
  • inhibitor of apoptosis through inhibiting the activation of p38 MAP kinase
  • multifunctional regulator required for cytoplasmic dynein function, neuronal migration and brain development
  • implicated in the regulation of a large spectrum of both general and specialized signaling pathway
  • playing a crucial role in neronal development by sustaining the effects of CDK5 phosphorylation
  • involved in the proper localization of NDEL1 and PAFAH1B1 in axons
  • YWHAE and DISC1, two schizophrenia susceptibility factors have been implicated in the regulation of spine density
  • is a key component of a DDX58 translocon required for innate antiviral immunity
  • may act as an important regulator in modulating tumor metastasis by promoting EMT as well as cell migration
  • subchondral bone soluble mediator altering cartilage homeostasis
  • CDK5, YWHAE, and CDK5 cofactor C2CD5 together promote NDEL1 phosphorylation and are essential for force adaptation
  • CELLULAR PROCESS cell life, antiapoptosis
    PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS
    PATHWAY
    metabolism
    signaling signal transduction
    a component
  • complex LIS1/CDK5/NDEL1/YWHAE, pathway in neuronal migration and development
  • HDAC7 directly binds to beta-catenin and forms a complex with YWHAE, YWHAZ, and YWHAH proteins
  • INTERACTION
    DNA
    RNA
    small molecule metal binding,
  • Ca2+
  • protein
  • p38 MAP kinase
  • LIS1 and NDEL1 (maintaining phosphorylation of NDEL1)
  • KCNH2 (to control the membrane excitability and cardiac rhythm)
  • HCV core protein
  • forms a complex with DISC1 (both DISC1 and YWHAE are required for neuronal development via transport of the NUDEL/LIS1 complex
  • interaction with YWHAB, ATXN1, YWHAH, YWHAZ mediated by AKT1 to modulate the neurotoxicity of SCA1
  • regulates cardiogenesis and growth of the compact ventricular myocardium by modulating the cardiomyocyte cell cycle via both CCNE1 and CDKN1B
  • interaction between NAV2 and YWHAE could provide insight into the mechanism by which NAV2 participates in promoting cell migration and neuronal elongation
  • YWHAE interacts with the kinase domain of MAP3K5 in close proximity to its active site, thus indicating this interaction might block its accessibility and/or affect its conformation
  • YWHAE-BHMT interaction is lost in the presence of low salt concentrations, whereas the BHMT2-BHMT interaction remains stable
  • YWHAE-induced expression of ZNF479, a novel potential transcriptional regulator by gene expression profiling and ZNF479 contributed to YWHAE-suppressed MT1A expression
  • cell & other
    REGULATION
    activated by Cl-channel with CLCA1
    ASSOCIATED DISORDERS
    corresponding disease(s) MDS , DEL17P13D , DUP17P13
    related resource MITOP database
    Other morbid association(s)
    TypeGene ModificationChromosome rearrangementProtein expressionProtein Function
    tumoral     --over  
    in gastric cancer
    tumoral   deletion    
    in small cell lung cancer
    constitutional     --low  
    synaptic reduction of DISC1 and YWHAE is developmentally correlated with the age-dependent decrease in striatal spine density
    Susceptibility to schizophrenia
    Variant & Polymorphism SNP SNP which influence the expression of 14-3-3 epsilon RNA and protein, is associated with schizophrenia and seems to work protectively
    Candidate gene
    Marker may serve as a novel prognostic biomarker for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)
    Therapy target
    SystemTypeDisorderPubmed
    immunologyinflammatory 
    YWHAE/ANPEP interaction could be a new therapeutic target in osteoarthritis
    cancerdigestivestomach
    may serve as a therapeutic target for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)
    ANIMAL & CELL MODELS
  • Ywhae knockout mouse is useful for pathophysiological analyses of neuropsychiatric disorders caused by defects during neurodevelopment 7)