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FLASH GENE
Symbol CXCL14 contributors: npt/mct/pgu - updated : 29-01-2013
HGNC name chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 14
HGNC id 10640
PROTEIN
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
STRUCTURE
motifs/domains
  • two cysteines separated by a single amino acid
  • a unique five amino acid insertion (41VSRYR45) relative to other CXC chemokines (15 AA fragment of CXCL14 in this region are sufficient to induce proteasomal degradation)
    • secondary structure disulphide bridges are important in maintaining the structure of this chemokine, but they are not necessary for the biological activity of CXCL14 species
    HOMOLOGY
    interspecies homolog to murine Cxcl14
    Homologene
    FAMILY
  • intercrine alpha (chemokine CxC) family
    • CATEGORY signaling cytokine
    SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION extracellular
        intracellular
    intracellular,cytoplasm,organelle,Golgi
    intracellular,nucleus
    basic FUNCTION
  • displaying chemotactic activity for monocytes but not for lymphocytes, dendritic cells, neutrophils or macrophages
  • might play a pivotal role in the pathobiology of pancreatic cancer, probably by regulating cancer invasion
  • fights bacteria at the earliest stage of infection, well before the establishment of inflammation, and thus fulfills a unique role in antimicrobial immunity
  • autocrine stimulator of fibroblast growth and migration, with multi-modal tumor-stimulatory activities
  • involved in the homeostasis of monocyte-derived macrophages rather than in inflammation
  • having suppressive activity toward tumor progression of oral carcinoma
  • possesses chemoattractive activity for activated macrophages, immature dendritic cells and natural killer cells
  • having ability to stimulate granule cell migration, suggesting that it must be involved in the postnatal maturation of the cerebellum
  • negative regulator of growth and metastasis in breast cancer
  • monocyte-selective chemokine expressed in all normal tissues, but is also involved in the development of several cancers
    • CELLULAR PROCESS
    PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS
    PATHWAY
    metabolism
    signaling
    a component
    INTERACTION
    DNA
    RNA
    small molecule
    protein
  • target of RHOBTB2 and support downregulation of CXCL14 as a functional outcome of RHOBTB2 loss in cancer
  • respective stress-dependent action of MAPK14 isoforms is responsible for the up-regulation of the gene expression of the chemokine CXCL14
  • CXCL14 binding to glycoproteins harboring heparan sulfate proteoglycans and sialic acids leads proliferation and migration of some cancer cells
  • CXCL14 represents, along with CXCR7, molecules that co-evolved with the CXCL12-CXCR4 axis to modulate important physiological processes in development, stem cell maintenance, and immune responses
    • cell & other
    REGULATION
    Other likely to be regulated by progesterone in endometrium
    ASSOCIATED DISORDERS
    corresponding disease(s)
    Other morbid association(s)
    TypeGene ModificationChromosome rearrangementProtein expressionProtein Function
    tumoral     --over  
    in cancer-associated fibroblasts of a majority of prostate cancer
    tumoral     --over  
    upregulated in pancreatic cancer tissues compared to chronic pancreatitis and normal pancreas
    Susceptibility
    Variant & Polymorphism
    Candidate gene
    Marker
    Therapy target
    SystemTypeDisorderPubmed
    cancerreproductivebreast
    re-expression or up-regulation of CXCL14 may provide a novel strategy in breast cancer therapy in the future
    ANIMAL & CELL MODELS