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FLASH GENE
Symbol CD1D contributors: mct/npt - updated : 27-05-2014
HGNC name CD1d molecule
HGNC id 1637
PROTEIN
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
STRUCTURE
motifs/domains
  • three external domains : the antigen binding alpha 1 (domain 1) and the beta(2) microglobulain binding sites (alpha 2 and 3 domains)
  • a transmembrane segment (TM1)
  • a short cytoplasmic tail, with a tyrosine-based endosomal targeting motif (YXXZ), and a signal that may have relevance to other type I integral membrane proteins that traverse through the endocytic pathway
    • conjugated GlycoP
    HOMOLOGY
    interspecies ortholog to murine Cd1d
    intraspecies homolog to CD1A,CD1B,CD1C
    Homologene
    FAMILY
  • immunoglobulin C-type family
    • CATEGORY immunity/defense , antigen , receptor membrane
    SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION     plasma membrane
        intracellular
    intracellular,cytoplasm,organelle,membrane
    intracellular,cytoplasm,organelle,endoplasmic reticulum
    intracellular,cytoplasm,organelle,endosome
    intracellular,cytoplasm,organelle,lysosome
    text
  • translocated in the ER
  • CD1D molecules are constantly internalized from the cell surface, recycled through the endocytic compartments, and re-expressed on the cell surface
    • basic FUNCTION
  • presentation of lipid antigens to natural killer (NK) T cells
  • ligand for CD8(+) T cells
  • nonclassical Ag-presenting molecule that presents glycolipid Ags to NKT cells that are involved in immune defense and tumor rejection
  • also plays a role in immunoregulatory functions in the epidermis
  • present lipids to a unique subpopulation of T cells called NKT cells
  • MHC class I-like molecule comprised of a transmembrane glycoprotein (heavy chain) associated with beta2-microglobulin (B2m) that presents lipid antigens to NKT cells
  • can undergo multiple rounds of recycling between the cell surface and endosomal compartments to extensively survey changes in lipid composition
  • related to the peptide-presenting MHC class I family
  • could be a pot
  • CD1A, CD1B, CD1C, CD1D bind and present lipid-based antigens to T cells
    • CELLULAR PROCESS
    PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS
    PATHWAY
    metabolism
    signaling
    a component
  • constituent of membrane glycoprotein
    • INTERACTION
    DNA
    RNA
    small molecule
    protein
  • binding to B2M
  • associating in the ER with both CANX, CALR and with GRP58 in a manner dependent on glucose trimming of its N-linked glycans
  • is a CD1D receptor that inhibits CD1D-mediated immune responses (interaction between LILRB12 and CD1D may provide new insights into the regulation of NKT-mediated immunity)
  • C/EBP-beta binds to the CCAAT box in the CD1D promoter
  • after translocation into the ER, newly synthesized CD1D heavy chains are rapidly glycosylated and bind CALR and calnexin (CNX), which recognize monoglucosylated N-linked glycans
  • ROCK1 and ROCK2, negatively regulate CD1D-mediated Ag presentation
  • binds to CD1D and inhibits its recognition by NKT cells
  • up-regulation of CD1C enhances NKT recognition of CD1D and down-regulation reduces CD1D recognition
  • BCL2L1 regulates CD1D-mediated Ag processing and presentation to NKT cells by altering the late endosomal compartment and changing the intracellular localization of CD1D
    • cell & other
  • binding to CD8 (+) T cells
  • bind a surprising diversity of lipid structures within the secretory pathway, including compounds that have been reported to play roles in cancer, autoimmune diseases, lipid signaling, and cell death
  • both CD1D and CD1C are upregulated by RARA signaling in human B cells which is distinct from effects reported in dendritic cells, in which CD1C is inversely downregulated
    • REGULATION
    Other regulated by MTP in the endoplasmic reticulum
    regulated by IFN-gamma, NF-IL-6, and T cell factor 1/lymphoid enhancer-binding factor 1
    ASSOCIATED DISORDERS
    corresponding disease(s)
    Other morbid association(s)
    TypeGene ModificationChromosome rearrangementProtein expressionProtein Function
    constitutional     --low  
    is associated with CD86 over-expression in B cells from systemic lupus erythematosus
    Susceptibility
    Variant & Polymorphism
    Candidate gene
    Marker
    Therapy target
    SystemTypeDisorderPubmed
    cancer  
    exciting new target for immunotherapy of cancer based on tumor immunoregulation
    ANIMAL & CELL MODELS