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FLASH GENE
Symbol FOXN1 contributors: mct - updated : 02-10-2019
HGNC name forkhead box N1
HGNC id 12765
DNA
TYPE functioning gene
STRUCTURE 32.70 kb     8 Exon(s)
10 Kb 5' upstream gene genomic sequence study
MAPPING cloned Y linked   status confirmed
regionally located tighly linked to SUPT6H
RNA
TRANSCRIPTS type messenger
text alternative splice in the 5'UTR
identificationnb exonstypebpproduct
ProteinkDaAAspecific expressionYearPubmed
8 - 2697 68.9 648 - 2014 25173801
9 - 3521 - 648 - 2014 25173801
EXPRESSION
Type restricted
   expressed in (based on citations)
organ(s)
SystemOrgan level 1Organ level 2Organ level 3Organ level 4LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
Digestivemouth    
Lymphoid/Immunethymusmedulla    Homo sapiens
Respiratoryrespiratory tractlarynx   
Skin/Tegumentskin     Homo sapiens
tissue
SystemTissueTissue level 1Tissue level 2LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
Epithelialbarrier liningepidermis   Homo sapiens
cell lineage
cell lines
fluid/secretion
at STAGE
PROTEIN
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
STRUCTURE
motifs/domains
  • N-terminal domain required for crosstalk-dependent thymic epithelial cell differentiation
  • a forkhead (FH, winged-helix) domain
  • two loops-wings on the C terminal side of helix-turn-helix homeodomain
    • HOMOLOGY
    interspecies ortholog to murine nude,winged-helix protein
    Homologene
    FAMILY
  • HNF-3, FKH family of transcriptional activities
    • CATEGORY transcription factor
    SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION     intracellular
    intracellular,nucleus,chromatin/chromosome
    basic FUNCTION
  • regulating keratin gene expression
  • may be involved in neurulation
  • implicated in a pathway that should serve as a nexus coordinating cell division, differentiation, and pigmentation
  • promotes the terminal differentiation of epithelial cells in the epidermis and hair follicles
  • modulates stage-specific markers by modulating PKC activity, providing control over the timing of steps in the differentiation program
  • MSX2, and FOXN1, upstream of NOTCH1 within the hair matrix, play a pivotal role in inner root sheath, cortex and medulla differentiation
  • important functions for MSX2 and FOXN1 in regulating differentiation of the keratogenous zone, proliferation of distal nail matrix cells, and organization of the nail bed
  • implicated in the differentiation of thymic and skin epithelial cells
  • crucial for in utero T cell development
  • powerful regulator of thymic epithelial cell differentiation that is required at multiple intermediate stages of thymic epithelial lineage development in the fetal and adult thymus
  • is essential for thymic organogenesis and T lymphopoiesis
  • FOXN1 affects both T lymphopoiesis and hematopoiesis, and the FOXN1 bone marrow niche may function in skewing multipotent progenitors development toward T lineage progenitors
  • FOXN1 has temporal and tissue-specific activity
  • is involved in several skin functions, especially in the proliferation and the differentiation of keratinocytes which are key cells of epithelial barrier
  • acts as regulator of the skin wound healing process through engagement in re-epithelization and possible involvement in scar formation due to FOXN1 activity during the EMT process
  • FOXN1 regulates the expression of genes involved in antigen processing and thymocyte selection
  • transcription factor FOXN1 is a potential key epidermal regulator modifying both epidermal and dermal healing processes after cutaneous wounding
  • is essential for skin development, and acts as regulator of the skin wound healing process
  • is the master regulatory gene of thymic epithelium development
  • FOXN1 expression in the thymic primordium inhibits tubulogenesis and induces the expression of genes involved in TEC differentiation
  • transcription factor essential for thymic epithelial cell (TEC) differentiation
    • CELLULAR PROCESS nucleotide, transcription
    cell organization/biogenesis
    PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS immunity/defense
    text epidermal development and maintenance
    PATHWAY
    metabolism
    signaling sensory transduction/vision
    a component
    INTERACTION
    DNA
    RNA
    small molecule
    protein
  • keratin
  • HOXC13-dependent activation of FOXN1 is part of a regulatory cascade controlling the expression of terminal differentiation markers
  • pro-differentiation function of RORA is mediated at least in part by FOXN1, a well-known pro-differentiation transcription factor that we establish as a novel direct target of RORA in keratinocytes
    • cell & other
    REGULATION
    ASSOCIATED DISORDERS
    corresponding disease(s) WHN
    Other morbid association(s)
    TypeGene ModificationChromosome rearrangementProtein expressionProtein Function
    constitutional   deletion    
    in the thymic medullary epithelium reduces peripheral T cell responses to infection and mimics changes of aging
    Susceptibility
    Variant & Polymorphism
    Candidate gene
    Marker
    Therapy target
    ANIMAL & CELL MODELS
  • Nude mice carry a spontaneous mutation affecting the gene Foxn1 mainly expressed in the epidermis