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FLASH GENE
Symbol GPC4 contributors: mct - updated : 25-05-2016
HGNC name glypican 4
HGNC id 4452
Corresponding disease
NDAS nasodigitoacoustic syndrome
SGBS Simpson-Golabi-Behmel syndrome
Location Xq26.2      Physical location : 132.435.063 - 132.549.205
Synonym name
  • K-glypican
  • glypican proteoglycan 4
  • secreted glypican-4
  • Synonym symbol(s) KGPC, K-glypican
    DNA
    TYPE functioning gene
    SPECIAL FEATURE
    text adjacent to GPC3, resulting of gene duplication
    STRUCTURE 114.14 kb     9 Exon(s)
    10 Kb 5' upstream gene genomic sequence study
    MAPPING cloned Y linked   status provisional
    Map see SDYS
    regionally located juxtaposed in tandem with GPC3
    RNA
    TRANSCRIPTS type messenger
    identificationnb exonstypebpproduct
    ProteinkDaAAspecific expressionYearPubmed
    - - - 4300 - 556 - 1998 9787072
    9 - 3714 - 556 widely 1998 9787072
    EXPRESSION
    Type ubiquitous
       expressed in (based on citations)
    organ(s)
    SystemOrgan level 1Organ level 2Organ level 3Organ level 4LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
    Nervousbrainlimbic systemhippocampus   Homo sapiensFetal
     brain     Homo sapiensFetal
    cells
    SystemCellPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
    Nervousastrocyte Homo sapiensFetal
    Nervousastrocyte Homo sapiensAdult
    cell lineage
    cell lines
    fluid/secretion
    at STAGE
    physiological period fetal, pregnancy
    Text predominantly, in lung and kidney
    PROTEIN
    PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    STRUCTURE
    motifs/domains
  • heparan sulfate proteoglycan, anchored to the membrane via a glycosyl phosphatidylinositol anchor, with 14 cysteines at conserved position
  • HOMOLOGY
    interspecies homolog to murine Gpc4
    homolog to C.elegans f59d12.4
    Homologene
    FAMILY
  • glypican-related integral membrane proteoglycan family (GRIPS)
  • CATEGORY structural protein , receptor membrane
    SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION extracellular
        plasma membrane
        intracellular
    intracellular,cytoplasm,organelle,lumen
    intracellular,cytoplasm,organelle,Golgi
    intracellular,cytoplasm,organelle,lysosome
    intracellular,nucleus
    text
  • localized to both membrane in lipid raft microdomains and in non-lipid raft microdomains and this localization affects its ability to regulate distinct Wnt pathways
  • basic FUNCTION
  • involved in the control of cell division and growth regulation
  • concentrates potentially WNT3A and WNT5A to the vicinity of their specific receptors in different membrane microdomains, thereby regulating distinct Wnt signaling
  • astrocyte-secreted signal sufficient to induce functional synapses between purified retinal ganglion cell neurons
  • GPC4 and GPC6 are astrocyte-derived molecules necessary and sufficient to promote glutamate receptor clustering and receptivity and to induce the formation of postsynaptically functioning CNS synapses
  • required for the maintenance of adult neural stem cell fate
  • acts at the interface of extrinsic and intrinsic signal regulation to fine tune stem cell fate
  • role of GPC4 and WNT5B in chondrocyte stacking underlying craniofacial cartilage morphogenesis
  • CELLULAR PROCESS cell cycle, division
    cell life, differentiation
    cell life, proliferation/growth
    PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS development
    text embryogenesis and morphogenesis
    PATHWAY
    metabolism
    signaling
    a component
    INTERACTION
    DNA
    RNA
    small molecule
    protein
  • endostatin
  • specific binding protein for BPI on retinal pigment epithelial to mediate the activation of ERK1/2, AKT1, and the mRNA expressions of PDGFB and VEGFA
  • bound to WNT3A and WNT5A, which activate the CTNNB1-dependent and -independent pathways, respectively, and colocalized with Wnts on the cell surface
  • GPC4 is an LRRTM4 receptor and a trans-synaptic GPC4-LRRTM4 interaction regulates excitatory synapse development
  • cell & other
    REGULATION
    ASSOCIATED DISORDERS
    corresponding disease(s) SGBS , NDAS
    Susceptibility
    Variant & Polymorphism
    Candidate gene
    Marker
    Therapy target
    ANIMAL & CELL MODELS
  • Gpc4-deficient mice have defective synapse formation, with decreased amplitude of excitatory synaptic currents in the developing hippocampus and reduced recruitment of AMPARs to synapses
  • Gpc4 KO mice display morphological abnormalities reminiscent of Keipert syndrome: they have significantly shorter paw and snout lengths than WT mice