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FLASH GENE
Symbol BAP1 contributors: mct/npt/pgu - updated : 08-03-2022
HGNC name BRCA1 associated protein-1 (ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase)
HGNC id 950
DNA
TYPE functioning gene
STRUCTURE 8.98 kb     17 Exon(s)
10 Kb 5' upstream gene genomic sequence study
MAPPING cloned Y linked N status confirmed
RNA
TRANSCRIPTS type messenger
identificationnb exonstypebpproduct
ProteinkDaAAspecific expressionYearPubmed
17 - 3599 - 729 in all tissues 1998 9528852
- - - 4800 - - specificaly in testis 1998 9528852
EXPRESSION
Type ubiquitous
   expressed in (based on citations)
organ(s)
SystemOrgan level 1Organ level 2Organ level 3Organ level 4LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
Digestivestomach   highly
Nervousnerve   highly
Reproductivemale systemprostate  highly
cell lineage
cell lines
fluid/secretion
at STAGE
PROTEIN
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
STRUCTURE
motifs/domains
  • an acidic region
  • two putative nuclear localizatin signals, one of the two predicted nuclear targeting motifs is required for nuclear localization of BAP1
  • a coiled-coil motif, for directly interacting with the zinc fingers of YY1
  • HCFC1 binding motif required for interaction with HCF-1N and mediates deubiquitination of HCF-1N by BAP1
  • binding domains for BRCA1 and BARD1
  • highly charged C-terminal region, and extended C terminus, which may be involved in interaction with other proteins
  • ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase (UCH) domain
  • HOMOLOGY
    interspecies homolog to murine Bap1
    ortholog to drosophila Calypso
    Homologene
    FAMILY
  • peptidase C12 family, UCH family
  • CATEGORY enzyme , tumor suppressor
    SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION     intracellular
    intracellular,cytoplasm,organelle,endoplasmic reticulum
    intracellular,cytoplasm,cytosolic
    intracellular,nucleus,nucleoplasm
    intracellular,nucleus,chromatin/chromosome
    intracellular,nucleus,nucleolus
    text
  • associate with chromatin
  • BAP1 localizes at the endoplasmic reticulum
  • basic FUNCTION
  • ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase
  • binding to the BRCA1 RING finger domain and enhancing BRCA1-mediated cell growth suppression
  • deubiquitinating enzyme having tumor suppressor activity
  • helps to control cell proliferation by regulating HCFC1 protein levels and by associating with genes involved in the G(1)-S transition)
  • plays important roles in cell growth and tumor suppression
  • functionally implicated in numerous biologic processes, including chromatin dynamics, DNA damage response, and regulation of the cell cycle and cell growth
  • a deubiquitinating enzyme (DUB) involved in the regulation of cell proliferation
  • activates transcription in an enzymatic-activity-dependent manner and regulates the expression of a variety of genes involved in numerous cellular processes
  • transcriptional coactivator that regulates the expression of genes involved in numerous cellular processes
  • might play an important role in dynamically controlling transcriptional responses that coordinate mitochondrial function
  • role for BAP1 in the regulation of Polycomb target gene expression in malignant pleural mesothelioma cells
  • has an important tumor suppressor function in multiple tissues
  • repressed cell proliferation without causing apoptosis
  • potent tumor suppressor function for BAP1 in myeloid neoplasia
  • renal cell carcinomas-predisposition gene
  • is a deubiquitinase required for efficient assembly of the homologous recombination (HR) factors BRCA1 and RAD51 at ionizing radiation (IR) -induced foci
  • important role for BAP1 in DSB repair by HR, thereby providing a possible molecular basis for its tumor suppressor function
  • in the nucleus, BAP1 acts as a chromatin-associated protein exerting its deubiquitinating function through the multiprotein complexes formed with transcription factors and co-factors
  • functions as part of the DNA damage response (DDR)
  • promoted repair of DNA double-strand breaks, enhancing cell survival after DNA damage
  • nuclear deubiquitinating enzyme to reduce histone 2A ubiquitination (H2Aub) on chromatin
  • BAP1 inhibits tumour development partly through SLC7A11 and ferroptosis
  • glutamylation and deglutamylation of BAP1 modulate hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) self-renewal and hematopoiesis
  • critical tumor suppressor across multiple cancer types, predisposing to tumor development when mutated in the germline as well as somatically
  • encodes a deubiquitinase enzyme, which plays key roles in cell-cycle regulation, cell death, and differentiation
  • is also involved in several aspects of cellular metabolism, including metabolic homeostasis, glucose utilization, control of ferroptosis, and stress response
  • CELLULAR PROCESS cell life, proliferation/growth
    PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS
    text negative control of cell proliferation
    PATHWAY
    metabolism
    signaling
    a component
  • components of the ubiquitin proteasome system
  • assembled BAP1/HCFC1/YY1 complex acts to induce the activation of COX7C or other target genes
  • BAP1 forms a core complex with HCFC1 and OGT that can differentially recruit additional histone-modifying enzymes to regulate gene expression and thereby preserve normal hematopoiesis
  • UCHL3 and UCHL5 are considered to be tumor promoters, while BAP1 is considered to be a tumor suppressor, and UCH enzymes influence several signaling pathways that play crucial roles in oncogenesis, tumor invasion, and migration
  • INTERACTION
    DNA
    RNA
    small molecule
    protein
  • HCFC1 is a critical target of BAP1 in growth regulation (interaction plays a pivotal role in regulation of cell growth by BAP1)
  • BRCA1-associated protein
  • interacting with YY1, and HCFC1 is required for this interaction
  • nuclear deubiquitinase known to target histones (together with ASXL1 as a Polycomb repressor subunit) and the HCF1 transcriptional co-factor
  • binding of BAP1 to HCFC1 is likely to be important for BAP1-mediated suppression of RCC (renal cell carcinoma) development
  • UBE2O multi-monoubiquitinates the nuclear localization signal of BAP1, thereby inducing its cytoplasmic sequestration
  • is a phosphorylation target for the DDR kinase ATM
  • BAP1 could bind to E2F1 responsive promoters and the localization of BAP1 to E2F1-responsive promoters is host cell factor-1 dependent
  • ASXL1 and ASXL2 use their ASXM domains to interact with the C-terminal domain (CTD) of BAP1, and these interactions are required for ubiquitin binding and HIST2H2AC deubiquitination
  • BAP1 interaction with ASXL2 regulates cell senescence and ASXL2 cancer-associated mutations disrupt BAP1 DUB activity
  • BAP1 C-terminal extension is important for HIST2H2AC deubiquitination by auto-recruiting BAP1 to nucleosomes in a process that does not require the nucleosome acidic patch
  • BAP1 is activated by ASXL1 to deubiquitinate mono-ubiquitinated HIST2H2AC
  • BAP1 binds, deubiquitylates, and stabilizes ITPR3, modulating calcium (Ca2+) release from the endoplasmic reticulum into the cytosol and mitochondria, promoting apoptosis
  • cystine transporter SLC7A11 is a key BAP1 target gene in human cancers
  • BAP1 promotes ferroptosis (a non-apoptotic cell death) through repressing SLC7A11 expression, resulting in tumor suppression
  • BAP1 regulates ferroptosis through SLC7A11
  • BAP1 antagonized WWP1-mediated ubiquitination of KLF5 to inhibit autophagy and promote melanoma development
  • cell & other
    REGULATION
    Other regulated by deubiquitination of HCFC1 (deubiquitination of HCFC1 is a crucial step in BAP1-mediated growth regulation)
    is phosphorylated at serine 592 in S-phase following DNA damage
    ASSOCIATED DISORDERS
    corresponding disease(s) KURIS
    Other morbid association(s)
    TypeGene ModificationChromosome rearrangementProtein expressionProtein Function
    tumoral   LOH    
    in breast cancer
    tumoral   deletion    
    in lung carcinoma
    tumoral   deletion    
    in uveal melanoma metastasis
    tumoral somatic mutation     loss of function
    in malignant pleural mesothelioma
    tumoral germinal mutation      
    in two putatively distinct cancer-related syndromes characterized predominantly by melanocytic tumors or mesothelioma, respectively, along with uveal melanoma
    tumoral germinal mutation      
    in melanocytic tumors
    tumoral germinal mutation      
    predispose to malignant mesothelioma
    tumoral germinal mutation      
    in familial nonsyndromic renal cell carcinomas (RCC)
    tumoral       loss of function
    in clear cell RCCs
    tumoral       loss of function
    restricted to the hematopoietic compartment is sufficient for the development of myeloid leukemia
    tumoral germinal mutation      
    in bilateral uveal melanoma
    Susceptibility
    Variant & Polymorphism
    Candidate gene
    Marker
    Therapy target
    SystemTypeDisorderPubmed
    cancer  
    important target for anticancer drugs
    cancereye 
    BAP1 pathway may be a valuable therapeutic targetin uveal melanoma
    ANIMAL & CELL MODELS
  • mouse Bap1 gene deletion is lethal during embryogenesis, but systemic or hematopoietic-restricted deletion in adults recapitulates features of human myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS)