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FLASH GENE

Symbol

FOLR2

contributors: mct - updated : 22-12-2017

HGNC name	folate receptor 2 (fetal)
HGNC id	3793

FLASH GENE DNA RNA EXPRESSION PROTEIN DISORDER ANIMAL & CELL MODELS

Location	11q13.4      Physical location : 71.927.818 - 71.932.993
Synonym name	folate binding protein placental
Synonym symbol(s)	FRP3, FRB, FBP2, FOL2, FRbeta

DNA

TYPE	functioning gene
SPECIAL FEATURE	component of a cluster
STRUCTURE	5.18 kb     5 Exon(s)

10 Kb 5' upstream gene genomic sequence study

text structure	a TATA polyadenylation signal in the 3' unstranslated region
	a 5' flanking sequence containing the promoter elements (G rich sequence binding SP1 and ets motif binding GABP)

MAPPING

cloned

Y

linked

status

confirmed

regionally located

telomeric of the FGF3 locus

RNA

TRANSCRIPTS	type	messenger

identification nb exons type bp product Protein kDa AA specific expression Year Pubmed NM_000803 5 - 1145 NP_000794 - 255 - 2013 24206618 NM_001113535 5 - 1133 NP_001107007 - 255 - 2013 24206618 NM_001113536 5 - 1127 NP_001107008 - 255 - 2013 24206618 NM_001113534 5 - 1139 NP_001107006 - 255 - 2013 24206618

EXPRESSION

Type	ubiquitous

expressed in	(based on citations)
organ(s)	System Organ level 1 Organ level 2 Organ level 3 Organ level 4 Level Pubmed Species Stage Rna symbol blood / hematopoietic spleen           thymus

tissue

System Tissue Tissue level 1 Tissue level 2 Level Pubmed Species Stage Rna symbol Blood / Hematopoietic bone marrow       Connective bone       Lymphoid

cells

System Cell Pubmed Species Stage Rna symbol Blood/Hematopoietic monocyte Homo sapiens

cell lineage

cell lines

fluid/secretion

at STAGE

physiological period

fetal, pregnancy

Text	placenta, spleen, thymus, bone marrow

PROTEIN

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES

STRUCTURE

motifs/domains	putative 16 AA
	NH2 signal peptide
	two potential sites for N glycosylation

secondary structure

eight disulfide bonds

conjugated

GlycoP

mono polymer

monomer

HOMOLOGY

interspecies	homolog to murine Folr2
	homolog to C.elegans C15C8.5

intraspecies

homolog to FOLR1

Homologene

FAMILY

folate receptor family

CATEGORY

receptor membrane

SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION	extracellular
	plasma membrane

basic FUNCTION	delivery of 5 methyltetrahydrofolate to the interior of cells
	may play an important role in the tumor microenvironment in association with systemic metastasis through the interaction with tumor cells and vessels
	constitutes a marker for human proinflammatory monocytes
	FOLR1, FOLR2, and FOLR3 are suggested to play essential roles in transporting folate from maternal intestinal lumen to the developing embryo

CELLULAR PROCESS

PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS

PATHWAY

metabolism

signaling

a component

INTERACTION

DNA

RNA

small molecule

protein	folate, acid folic and reduced folic acid derivatives
	FOLR2 is a novel ITGAM/ITGB2 regulator for trafficking and homing of a subset of macrophages on collagen

cell & other

REGULATION

ASSOCIATED DISORDERS

corresponding disease(s)

Other morbid association(s)

Type Gene Modification Chromosome rearrangement Protein expression Protein Function constitutional     --other   in synovial monocytes from the joints of patients with rheumatoid arthritis constitutional     --over   in activated macrophages commonly involved in the pathogenesis of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases constitutional     --low   severe Pre-eclampsia (PE) is associated with decreased placental expression of FOLR2

Susceptibility

to meningomyelocele (MM)

Variant & Polymorphism SNP	rs13908, statistically significant for association to MM

Candidate gene
Marker	FOLR2 positive macrophages in the stroma could serve as a useful indicator of a tumor metastatic potential
	expression of FOLR2 on activated macrophages holds a promising potential for early diagnosis and better analysis of optimal treatment regiments of vascular diseases in association with systemic diseases
	is a marker for M2 regulatory macrophage polarization and indicating that folate conjugates of therapeutic drugs are a potential immunotherapy tool to target tumor-associated macrophages (TAM)
Therapy target
	System Type Disorder Pubmed cancer endocrine pancreas FOLR2 macrophages may be promising a targeting therapy for pancreatic cancer

ANIMAL & CELL MODELS

Folr2 knockout mice