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FLASH GENE
Symbol GSTP1 contributors: mct/npt/pgu/shn - updated : 03-10-2014
HGNC name glutathione S-transferase pi 1
HGNC id 4638
DNA
TYPE functioning gene
STRUCTURE 3.06 kb     7 Exon(s)
10 Kb 5' upstream gene genomic sequence study
regulatory sequence Promoter
cytosine-phosphate-guanine/HTF
Binding site
text structure
  • a TP53-binding motif comprising two consecutive half-sites located in intron 4
  • CpG island at the promoter of GSTP1 is unmethylated in the normal prostate epithelium, but methylated in prostate cancer cells, and histone modifications is altered at the GSTP1 promoter in PCA cell lines
    • MAPPING cloned Y linked Y status confirmed
    Map pter - D11S913 - D11S1889 - GSTP1 - D11S4155 - D11S987 - cen
    RNA
    TRANSCRIPTS type messenger
    identificationnb exonstypebpproduct
    ProteinkDaAAspecific expressionYearPubmed
    7 - 986 23.2 210 - 2009 19282111
    EXPRESSION
    Type ubiquitous
       expressed in (based on citations)
    organ(s)
    SystemOrgan level 1Organ level 2Organ level 3Organ level 4LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
    Digestiveintestinelarge intestinecolon highly
    Reproductivefemale systemplacenta  highly Homo sapiens
    Respiratorylung   highly
    Visualeyeanterior segmentcornea highly
    tissue
    SystemTissueTissue level 1Tissue level 2LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
    Epithelialbarrier/lining   
    cells
    SystemCellPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
    Respiratoryepithelial cell
    Skin/Tegumentkeratinocyte
    cell lineage
    cell lines
    fluid/secretion
    at STAGE
    physiological period pregnancy
    Text placenta
    PROTEIN
    PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    STRUCTURE
    motifs/domains
  • region 195-208 is critical for nuclear translocation, which is mediated by a novel and non-classical nuclear localization signal, and in some cancer cells, the nuclear expression of GSTP1 appears to correlate with resistance to anti-cancer drugs
    • mono polymer homomer , dimer
    HOMOLOGY
    interspecies ortholog to Gstp1, Mus musculus
    ortholog to Gstp1, Rattus norvegicus
    ortholog to gstp1, Danio rerio
    ortholog to GSTP1, Pan troglodytes
    Homologene
    FAMILY
  • GST superfamily
  • Pi family
    • CATEGORY enzyme
    SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION     plasma membrane
        intracellular
    intracellular,cytoplasm,organelle,mitochondria
    intracellular,cytoplasm,cytosolic
    intracellular,nucleus
    basic FUNCTION
  • catalizing the conjugation of many hydrophobic and electronic compounds with reduced glutathione
  • acting as a zeaxanthin-binding protein in the macula of the eye
  • playing an important role in detoxification and the metabolism of xenobiotics
  • regulates the MAPK1-MAPK7 signaling pathway
  • plays a key role in cellular protection against oxidative stress
  • involved in multiple cellular functions, including phase II metabolism, stress response, signaling, and apoptosis
  • major phase II xenobiotic-metabolizing enzyme in the lung
  • mportant detoxification enzyme, has been shown to modulate the activity of JNKs by inhibiting apoptosis and by causing cell proliferation and tumor growth
  • a Cdk5 regulatory protein and a critical determinant of Cdk5 activity in human Alzheimer's disease brains and various cancer and neuronal cells
  • confers a high degree of neuroprotection under neurotoxic conditions
  • involved in the protection of cellular components against electrophilic compounds or oxidative stress
    • CELLULAR PROCESS cell life, proliferation/growth
    PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS
    PATHWAY
    metabolism drug
    signaling
    detoxification
    a component
    INTERACTION
    DNA
    RNA
    small molecule
    protein
  • 'tissue' transglutaminase, tTG
  • JNK
  • Fanconi anemia group C protein, FANCC
  • tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 2, TRAF2
  • transcriptional target of the TP53 tumor suppressor gene
  • modulates MAPK8 and MAPK9 activity through a direct interaction with JNK substrate, ATF2
  • MYCN in neuroblastoma cells
    • cell & other
    REGULATION
    ASSOCIATED DISORDERS
    corresponding disease(s)
    Other morbid association(s)
    TypeGene ModificationChromosome rearrangementProtein expressionProtein Function
    tumoral        
    in prostate cancer by methylation of promoter
    constitutional     --low  
    in placentas of preeclampsia and HELLP syndrome
    tumoral     --low  
    in tissues of esophageal carcinomas compared to adjacent normal tissues and residual benign tissues
    Susceptibility
  • susceptibility factor in squamous-cell carcinoma of the esophagus and in Barrett's esophagus carcinoma
  • to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
  • to lung cancer
  • to childhood asthma
  • to type-2 diabetes
    • Variant & Polymorphism SNP
  • increasing the risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
  • chemotherapy induced leukemia
  • Ile105Val polymorphism in the GSTP1 gene and childhood asthma is significantly associated in childhood asthma, modified by GSTM1
  • GSTP1 exon 5 polymorphism, associated with risk of lung cancer in smokers
    • Candidate gene
  • for sensitive detection in plasma or serum of cancer gastric and prostatic, using DNA methylation markers
  • for macular telangiectasia type 2
  • methylation of the promoter is a common molecular alteration in prostate cancer that may be a useful adjunct to serum screening tests and digital rectal examination findings
    • Marker
  • strong associations between APC, GSTP1 and SOCS1 gene promoter methylation and the risk of HCC, suggesting these to be promising biomarkers for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)
    • Therapy target
  • intraperitoneally administation of GSTP1 in mouse models of endotoxin shock significantly decreased mortality of endotoxic shock and inhibited acute lung injury and peritonitis
    • ANIMAL & CELL MODELS