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FLASH GENE
Symbol RAD51C contributors: mct/pgu - updated : 10-07-2019
HGNC name RAD51 homolog C (S. cerevisiae)
HGNC id 9820
PROTEIN
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
STRUCTURE
motifs/domains
  • a nuclear localization signal (NLS)
  • two ATP binding domains
    • HOMOLOGY
    interspecies homolog to yeast S.cerevisiae Rad51,3
    intraspecies paralog to RAD51
    paralog to XRCC3
    Homologene
    FAMILY
  • RECA family
  • RAD51 subfamily
    • CATEGORY DNA associated
    SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION     intracellular
    intracellular,cytoplasm,organelle,mitochondria
    intracellular,nucleus,nucleoplasm
    basic FUNCTION
  • involved in mitosis and meiotic recombination events
  • required for holliday junction processing in recombination process and for gene conversion
  • important role in maintaining correct centrosome numbers and the complexes including RAD51C and XRCC2 or XRCC3 may be of importance in maintaining correct centrosome numbers in mitosis
  • might be important in preventing aneuploidy, suggesting that it could be a potential tumour suppressor
  • adequate expression of RAD51C in cells is essential for maintaining genomic stability and sister chromatid cohesion to prevent malignant transformation
  • functions as TP53-dependent tumor suppressor gene
  • first moderate-to-high risk susceptibility gene for ovarian cancer
  • RAD51B, RAD51C, RAD51D, XRCC2 and XRCC3, play an essential role in the DNA repair reactions through homologous recombination
  • rare breast and ovarian cancer susceptibility gene
  • plays a vital role in the homologous recombination-mediated repair of DNA lesions associated with replication
  • critical role of RAD51C in the Fanconi anemia pathway of interstrand cross-link repair and as a tumor suppressor
  • RAD51B, RAD51C, RAD51D, XRCC2 and XRCC3 are key enzymes for DNA double-strand break repair
  • RAD51B and RAD51C act early in homologous recombination
  • likely a direct role of RAD51C/XRCC3 in maintaining mtDNA integrity under replication stress conditions
  • RAD51B, RAD51C, RAD51D, XRCC2, XRCC3 sequentially orchestrate clinically relevant transactions at replication forks, cooperatively promoting fork remodeling and restart
  • function of XRCC3 and other RAD51 paralogs in synergizing with RAD51 nucleoprotein filament to prevent degradation of stressed replication forks
    • CELLULAR PROCESS cell cycle, division
    PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS
    PATHWAY
    metabolism
    signaling
    pathway in cells for the repair of severe DNA damage such as double-strand breaks
    a component
  • forms a complex that includes either XRCC2 or XRCC3
  • member of the BCDX2 protein complex—comprising RAD51B, RAD51C, RAD51D, and XRCC2—which is thought to have several functions in HR, including stabilization of RAD51 nucleoprotein filaments
  • RAD51C/XRCC3 is an additional component of the mitochondrial nucleoid having nucleus-independent roles in mtDNA maintenance
    • INTERACTION
    DNA
    RNA
    small molecule
    protein
  • RAD51B and XRCC3
  • BRCA1 and BRCA2
  • XRCC3 and RAD51C have been implicated in homologous recombination (HR) and DNA damage responses
  • HELQ is associated with the RAD51 paralogs RAD51B/C/D and XRCC2, and with the DNA damage-responsive kinase ATR
    • cell & other
    REGULATION
    ASSOCIATED DISORDERS
    corresponding disease(s) FANCO
    Other morbid association(s)
    TypeGene ModificationChromosome rearrangementProtein expressionProtein Function
    tumoral     --over gain of function
    in breast cancer (in progression)
    constitutional     --low  
    results in a dramatic decrease in mtDNA copy number as well as the complete suppression of a characteristic oxidative stress-induced copy number increase
    tumoral germinal mutation     loss of function
    in patients with primary ovarian, fallopian tube, or peritoneal cancers
    tumoral germinal mutation      
    in breast and/or ovarian cancer families
    tumoral germinal mutation      
    germinal deleterious variants in the RAD51 paralogs to breast and ovarian cancers
    Susceptibility
  • to breast and ovarian cancer
    • Variant & Polymorphism other
  • six monoallelic pathogenic mutations in RAD51C confer an increased risk for breast and ovarian cancer
  • relative risk of ovarian cancer for RAD51C mutation carriers was augmented
    • Candidate gene
    Marker
    Therapy target
    ANIMAL & CELL MODELS