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FLASH GENE
Symbol CD55 contributors: mct - updated : 20-10-2012
HGNC name CD55 molecule, decay accelerating factor for complement (Cromer blood group)
HGNC id 2665
Corresponding disease
CBGI Cromer blood group
Location 1q32.2      Physical location : 207.494.816 - 207.534.309
Synonym name
  • antigen CD55, identified by monoclonal antibodies 143-30, BRIC110, F2B-7.2, including the Cromer blood group
  • decay accelerating factor for complement (CD55, Cromer blood group system)
  • Synonym symbol(s) CR,TC, DAF
    DNA
    TYPE functioning gene
    STRUCTURE 39.50 kb     10 Exon(s)
    MAPPING cloned Y linked Y status confirmed
    RNA
    TRANSCRIPTS type messenger
    identificationnb exonstypebpproduct
    ProteinkDaAAspecific expressionYearPubmed
    10 - 2803 41 381 - 2006 16503113
  • gDAF, membrane bound
  • - splicing 1515 38 364 lung, peripheral blood, liver 2006 16503113
  • frameshift near the C terminus, soluble
  • 11 exons
  • 11 - 2930 44 439 - 2006 16503113
  • sDAF
  • - - 1776 - 525 - 2006 16503113
  • 144 STP-rich amino-acids
  • included a part of intron 7
  • - - 1854 - 551 - 2006 16503113
  • 170 STP-rich amino-acids
  • included the entire intron 7
  • EXPRESSION
    Type ubiquitous
       expressed in (based on citations)
    organ(s)
    SystemOrgan level 1Organ level 2Organ level 3Organ level 4LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
    Endocrinepancreas     Homo sapiens
    Reproductivefemale systemuteruscervix highly
     female systemplacenta  highly
    tissue
    SystemTissueTissue level 1Tissue level 2LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
    Blood / hematopoieticbone marrow    Homo sapiens
    cells
    SystemCellPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
    Blood/Hematopoieticerythrocyte Homo sapiens
    Endocrineislet cell (alpha,beta...) Homo sapiens
    cell lineage
    cell lines
    fluid/secretion
    at STAGE
    physiological period embryo
    Text expressed in the definitive endoderm and mesoderm in early embryo
    PROTEIN
    PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    STRUCTURE
    motifs/domains
  • four short consensus repeats (SRC), sushi structure (see F13B, SRCP1)
  • four CCP modules
  • an STP-rich domain
  • conjugated GlycoP
    HOMOLOGY
    Homologene
    FAMILY
    CATEGORY immunity/defense , antigen
    SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION extracellular
        plasma membrane
    text glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchored membrane protein
    basic FUNCTION
  • one of the complement regulatory factor, inhibiting the formation and amplification convertases of the complement cascade, and protecting cells from complement-mediated attack
  • complement regulatory protein expressed by cells to protect them from bystander attack by complement, and it is an indicator of poor prognostic in several cancers
  • CD55 inhibits the formation of C3 convertases, and CD59 prevents the terminal polymerisation of the membrane attack complex
  • CD55 and CD59 restrict complement activation by inhibiting C3/C5 convertases activities and membrane attack complex formation, respectively (
  • CD97 and CD55 both play important roles in tumor dedifferentiation, migration, invasiveness, and metastasis
  • CELLULAR PROCESS
    PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS
    PATHWAY
    metabolism
    signaling
    a component
    INTERACTION
    DNA
    RNA
    small molecule
    protein
  • binding nescent C3b and C4b at the cell surface and preventing the formation of the amplification convertases C3bbb and C4b2a
  • costimulation via CD55 on human CD4+ T cells mediated by CD97
  • ligand of the adhesion class G protein-coupled receptor CD97 (complement-independent interaction of CD55 with CD97 is functionally relevant and involved in granulocyte homeostasis and host defense)
  • cell & other
    REGULATION
    activated by HBXIP, that upregulates CD46, CD55 and CD59 through p-ERK1/2/NFKB signaling to protect breast cancer from complement-dependent cytotoxicity
    induced by synergistically by FGF2 and VEGF and enhancing endothelial cytoprotection function of DAF
    ASSOCIATED DISORDERS
    corresponding disease(s) CBGI
    Other morbid association(s)
    TypeGene ModificationChromosome rearrangementProtein expressionProtein Function
    constitutional     --low  
    in red blood cells from patients with paroxismal nocturne hemoglobinuria
    tumoral     --over  
    in colorectal cancer, and in rectal tumor tissues (
    tumoral     --over  
    in primary gallbladder carcinoma
    constitutional     --over  
    in red blood cells from patients with aplastic anemia
    constitutional     --low  
    on peripheral blood leucocytes in T2DM patients with macrovascular diseases
    Susceptibility
    Variant & Polymorphism
    Candidate gene
    Marker
  • elevated leukocyte CD55 may be a useful predictor of subsequent preterm labor/birth
  • Therapy target
    SystemTypeDisorderPubmed
    neurologyacquired 
    augmenting its expression levels could be effective therapeutically in treating multiple sclerosis as well as other T cell mediated diseases
    ANIMAL & CELL MODELS
  • Cd55-deficient mice display a phenotype with about two-fold more circulating granulocytes in the blood stream, the marginated pool, and the spleen