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FLASH GENE
Symbol ACSL4 contributors: mct - updated : 06-10-2017
HGNC name acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 4
HGNC id 3571
PROTEIN
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
STRUCTURE
motifs/domains
  • two domains of homology with click beetle luciferase, enzyme containing 25-AA consensus sequence, (FACs signature motif)
  • a N terminal insertion sequence in transcripts from brain and retina
  • conjugated PhosphoP
    HOMOLOGY
    interspecies homolog to murine Facl4
    homolog to C.elegans F37C12.
    intraspecies
    Homologene
    FAMILY
  • long-chain fatty-acid-coenzyme A ligase family
  • ATP-dependent AMP-binding enzyme family
  • CATEGORY enzyme
    SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION     intracellular
    intracellular,cytoplasm,organelle,mitochondria,outer
    intracellular,cytoplasm,organelle,membrane
    intracellular,cytoplasm,organelle,peroxisome
    intracellular,cytoplasm,organelle,endoplasmic reticulum
    intracellular,cytoplasm,cytosolic,microsome
    basic FUNCTION
  • converting free long-chain fatty acids into fatty acyl-CoA esters
  • playing a role in lipid biosynthesis and fatty acid degradation
  • utilizing preferentially arachidonate and eicosapentaenoate as substrat
  • might play a role in the growth of hepatic cancer cells
  • involved in learning and memory
  • its expression controls both lipooxygenase and cyclooxygenase metabolism of arachidonic acid
  • modulates PGE&
  • 8322; release from human smooth muscle cells and may regulate a number of processes dependent on the release of arachidonic acid-derived lipid mediators in the arterial wall
  • plays crucial roles in physiological functions such as steroid synthesis and in pathological processes such as tumorigenesis
  • specifically expressed in brain and playing an important role in arachidonate metabolism and neuronal differentiation in the brain
  • might play a key role in brain function, especially neuronal cells
  • might play an important role during neuronal differentiation at the early phase
  • key enzyme in steroidogenesis
  • phosphoprotein whose phosphorylation is hormone-dependent
  • acts as a dimer and phosphorylation occurs after dimer formation
  • is involved in several cellular functions including steroidogenesis, synaptic development and cancer metastasis
  • is required for ferroptotic cancer cell death, and is not only a sensitive monitor of ferroptosis, but also an important contributor of ferroptosis
  • ACSL4 is an essential component for ferroptosis execution
  • involvement of ACSL4 and ACSL3 in insulin secretion
  • CELLULAR PROCESS
    PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS development
    text mental development
    PATHWAY
    metabolism lipid/lipoprotein
    signaling
    lipid metabolism
    a component protein complex consisting HTATIP2, SH3GLB1, and ACSL4 that interacts with RAB5a and regulates EGFR endocytosis and signaling
    INTERACTION
    DNA
    RNA
    small molecule metal binding, cofactor, nucleotide,
  • magnesium Mg2+
  • AMP
  • protein
  • interaction with PTPN11 (involvement of PTPN11 activity in the regulation of the expression of the fatty acid-metabolizing enzyme ACSL4)
  • PPARD-mediated regulatory mechanism for ACSL4 expression in liver tissue and cultured hepatic cells
  • cell & other
    REGULATION
    ASSOCIATED DISORDERS
    corresponding disease(s) MRX68 , MRX63 , AMME
    Other morbid association(s)
    TypeGene ModificationChromosome rearrangementProtein expressionProtein Function
    tumoral     --over  
    in breast cancer, colon and hepatocellular carcinoma
    Susceptibility
    Variant & Polymorphism
    Candidate gene
    Marker
    Therapy target
    SystemTypeDisorderPubmed
    cancerdigestiveliver
    new potential therapeutic target for Hepatocellular Carcinoma as an independent adverse prognostic parameter
    cancer  
    ACSL4 inhibition is a viable therapeutic approach to preventing ferroptosis-related diseases
    ANIMAL & CELL MODELS
    mice heterozygocis for Facl4 deficiency (Cho, 2001)