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FLASH GENE
Symbol SOX5 contributors: shn/pgu - updated : 20-03-2019
HGNC name SRY (sex determining region Y)-box 5
HGNC id 11201
PROTEIN
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
STRUCTURE
motifs/domains
  • a high mobility group (HMG) domain
  • a leucine zipper
  • a glutamine-rich domain
  • a transactivation domain in the carboxyl terminus (transcription activation)
  • HOMOLOGY
    interspecies ortholog to Sox5, Mus musculus
    ortholog to SOX5, Pan troglodytes
    ortholog to sox5, Danio rerio
    ortholog to Sox5, Rattus norvegicus
    ortholog to Drosophila Sox102F
    Homologene
    FAMILY
  • SOX (SRY-related HMG-box) family of transcription factors
  • SoxD transcription factor family
  • CATEGORY transcription factor
    SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION     intracellular
    intracellular,nucleus,chromatin/chromosome
    basic FUNCTION
  • involved in the regulation of embryonic development and in the determination of the cell fate
  • involved in the formation of the cephalic neural crest
  • a long form, expressed in chondrogenesis coactivator in association with SOX6 and SOX9 of the chondrocyte-specific enhancer of COL2A1
  • modulator of LINE retroposons promoter activity
  • sex-determining region Y
  • transcription factor that has been shown to regulate chondrogenesis, oligodendrogenesis, and the sequential generation of cortical neurons
  • postmitotically controls the laminar positioning, molecular differentiation, and layer-specific pattern of subcortical axonal projections of subplate and deep-layer neurons
  • essential for endochondral skeleton formation
  • regulates several stages of oligodendrocyte development in spinal cord
  • controls the sequential generation of distinct pallium-derived excitatory corticofugal projection neuron populations, regulating their subtype diversity
  • a role in roles in the generation of neuronal diversity during neocortical development
  • redundantly enhance chondrogenesis, but retard gliogenesis, and hinders melanogenesis, promotes neural crest generation, and controls the pace of neurogenesis
  • enhance transactivation by SOX9 in chondrocytes, but antagonize SOX9 and other SoxE proteins in oligodendrocytes and melanocytes, and also repress transcription through various mechanisms in several other lineages
  • controls the timing of cell cycle exit by neural progenitors at the G1-S transition by counteracting the mitotic effect of the WNT-CTNNB1 pathway
  • is an important brake on WNT-CTNNB1 mitogenic activity during the progression of neurogenesis
  • negatively regulates cell cycle progression and it is necessary and sufficient to promote cell cycle arrest at the G1-S transition
  • transcription factor involved in the regulation of nervous system development and chondrogenesis
  • controls dorsal progenitor and interneuron specification in the spinal cord
  • SOX9 and SOX5/SOX6 thus cooperate genome-wide, primarily through super-enhancers (SEs), to implement the growth plate chondrocyte differentiation program
  • transcription factors SOX5 and SOX6 exert direct and indirect influences on oligodendroglial migration in spinal cord and forebrain
  • islets in T2D display changes reminiscent of dedifferentiation and SOX5 is a regulator of beta-cell phenotype and function
  • SOX5 is a critical modulator of neurite outgrowth through the selective activation of DPYSL5 expression
  • SOX9 (SOXE group) is essential for chondrocyte fate maintenance and differentiation, and works in cooperation with SOX5 and SOX6 (SOXD group) and other types of transcription factors
  • CELLULAR PROCESS nucleotide, transcription, regulation
    PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS
    PATHWAY
    metabolism
    signaling
    a component
    INTERACTION
    DNA binding specifically to sequence 5'-AACAAT-3'
    RNA
    small molecule
    protein
  • SRY (sex determining region Y)-box 6, SOX6
  • SHOX cooperates with SOX5/SOX6 and SOX9 in the activation of the upstream ACAN enhancer
  • SOX8 expression is regulated by SOX9, and both together with SOX5 and SOX6 are required as a SOX quartet for transcription of COL2A1 and a large number of other chondrogenic molecules
  • SOX5 transactivates TWIST1 expression and plays an important role in the regulation of breast cancer progression
  • SOX5 and MAF cooperatively induce Th17 cell differentiation via the induction of RORC as downstream targets of STAT3
  • transcription factors SOX5 and SOX9 caused a significant increase in transactivation of the CATSPER1 promoter in heterologous systems, and both transcription factors interact with the CATSPER1 promoter
  • SOX5 exerts its function by restricting dorsally WNT signaling activity via direct transcriptional induction of the negative WNT pathway regulator AXIN2
  • SOX5 has a strong inhibitory effect on MITF expression and seems to have a decisive clinical impact on melanoma during tumor progression
  • SOX5 increases DPYSL5 promoter activity, but not if the putative SOX5 binding site is mutated
  • cell & other
    REGULATION
    ASSOCIATED DISORDERS
    corresponding disease(s) LAMSHF
    Other morbid association(s)
    TypeGene ModificationChromosome rearrangementProtein expressionProtein Function
    tumoral   amplification    
    coamplified with DADR and EKI1 in testicular seminoma
    tumoral     --over  
    in breast cancer tissues compared with adjacent healthy tissues, and overexpression of SOX5 was associated with a reduced overall survival rate in patients with breast cancer
    Susceptibility
    Variant & Polymorphism
    Candidate gene
  • novel candidate gene for late-onset familial Alzheimer disease (LOAD with an important role in neuronal function
  • Marker
    Therapy target
    SystemTypeDisorderPubmed
    cancerreproductivebreast
    candidate therapeutic target in breast cancer progression
    cancerdigestiveliver
    may be a potential therapeutic target for HCC metastasis
    ANIMAL & CELL MODELS
  • Sox6 single null mice are born with mild skeletal abnormalities
  • Sox5-Sox6 double null fetuses die with a severe, generalized chondrodysplasia
  • silencing of the Drosophila ortholog of Sox5 leads to abnormal neuronal development and behavioral impairment