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FLASH GENE

Symbol

RALGDS

contributors: mct - updated : 26-11-2010

HGNC name	ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator
HGNC id	9842

FLASH GENE DNA RNA EXPRESSION PROTEIN DISORDER ANIMAL & CELL MODELS

DNA

TYPE	functioning gene
STRUCTURE	51.50 kb     18 Exon(s)

10 Kb 5' upstream gene genomic sequence study

MAPPING

cloned

Y

linked

N

status

confirmed

RNA

TRANSCRIPTS	type	messenger

identification nb exons type bp product Protein kDa AA specific expression Year Pubmed NM_006266 18 - 3656 NP_006257 100.6 914 - 2000 11455956 NM_001042368 18 - 3668 NP_001035827 94.7 859 - 2000 11455956

EXPRESSION

Type	ubiquitous

expressed in	(based on citations)
organ(s)	System Organ level 1 Organ level 2 Organ level 3 Organ level 4 Level Pubmed Species Stage Rna symbol Endocrine adrenal gland       moderately   neuroendocrine pituitary     highly Lymphoid/Immune tonsils       predominantly Nervous nerve       highly Respiratory respiratory tract larynx     moderately Urinary bladder       moderately

tissue

System Tissue Tissue level 1 Tissue level 2 Level Pubmed Species Stage Rna symbol Connective adipose     moderately

cell lineage

cell lines

fluid/secretion

at STAGE

physiological period

fetal

Text	moderately in umbilical cord

PROTEIN

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES

STRUCTURE

motifs/domains	an N-terminal Ras-GEF domain
	a Ras-GEF domain
	C-terminal Ras-binding domain (RBD), necessary for the interaction with the broad C-terminal region (AA 141-595) of NF2

HOMOLOGY

interspecies	homolog to rattus Ralgds (86.8 pc)
	homolog to murine Ralgds (87.2 pc)

Homologene

FAMILY

CATEGORY

regulatory , signaling

SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION	intracellular
	intracellular,cytoplasm,cytosolic

basic FUNCTION	stimulating the dissociation of GDP from the Ras-related RalA and RalB GTPases which allows GTP binding and activation of the GTPases
	may be a key component in Ras-dependent carcinogenesis
	acting as an effector molecule for R-Ras, H-Ras, K-Ras, and Rap
	downstream molecule of Ras, identified as a merlin-binding protein
	plays a vital role in the regulation of Ral-dependent Weibel-Palade bodies (WPB) exocytosis after stimulation with Ca(2+)- or cAMP-raising agonists
	with RALA participate in nutrient sensing and are indispensable for activation of mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (MTOR) induced by extracellular nutrients
	with RGL2 and RGL3, can interact with activated Ras through their Ras Binding Domain (RBD), but may function as effectors for other Ras family members
	crucial role in coupling activated Ras to activation of RAL, thus regulating several fundamental cell processes
	Ras-interacting protein that are upregulated by hypertrophic stimuli

CELLULAR PROCESS

PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS

PATHWAY

metabolism

signaling

signal transduction

small GTPase mediated signal transduction

a component

INTERACTION

DNA

RNA

small molecule

protein	interacting with R-Ras, H-Ras, K-Ras, and Rap
	interacting with RIT1 and RIT2
	direct interaction between merlin and RALGDS (merlin can function as a tumor suppressor by inhibiting the RALGDS-mediated oncogenic signals)

cell & other

REGULATION

ASSOCIATED DISORDERS

corresponding disease(s)

Other morbid association(s)

Type Gene Modification Chromosome rearrangement Protein expression Protein Function tumoral       gain of function of the RALGDS/RAL pathway promotes prostate cancer metastasis to bone

Susceptibility

Variant & Polymorphism

Candidate gene

Marker

Therapy target

ANIMAL & CELL MODELS