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FLASH GENE
Symbol MAOA contributors: mct - updated : 19-03-2015
HGNC name monoamine oxidase A
HGNC id 6833
PROTEIN
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
STRUCTURE
motifs/domains
  • flavin containing amine oxidase domain
  • anchored to the outer mitochondrial membrane via C-terminal helical tails
    • mono polymer homomer , heteromer , monomer , dimer
    HOMOLOGY
    interspecies homolog to rattus Maob
    intraspecies paralog to MAOB
    Homologene
    FAMILY flavin monoamine oxidase family
    CATEGORY enzyme
    SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION     intracellular
    intracellular,cytoplasm,organelle,mitochondria,outer
    intracellular,cytoplasm,organelle,membrane
    basic FUNCTION
  • degrading amine neurotransmitters (such as dopamine, norepinephrin and serotonin)
  • having important functions in the metabolism of neuroactive and vasoactive amines in the central nervous system and peripheral tissues
  • MAOA, SLC6A2, SLC6A3 may play important roles in regulating maternal monoamine neurotransmitters transferred across the placenta to the fetus
  • novel roles for MAOA, MAOB and serotonin in the regulation of intermediate progenitor cells proliferation in the developing brain
  • MAOA and MAOB are a crucial pair of isoenzymes, which oxidatively deaminate monoamine neurotransmitters and dietary amines with a production of hydrogen peroxide
  • MAOA, and MAOB are dimeric in their membrane-bound forms
  • MAOA and MAOB are mitochondrial-bound proteins, catalyzing the oxidative deamination of monoamine neurotransmitters as well as xenobiotic amines
  • primarily deaminates serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine and, therefore, is implicated in several psychiatric diseases
    • CELLULAR PROCESS
    PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS electron transport
    PATHWAY
    metabolism amine , hormone
    signaling neurotransmission
  • metabolism of various biogenic amine hormones
  • glucocorticoid-KLF11-MAOA pathway may play a crucial role in modulating distinct pathophysiological steps in stress-related disorders
    • a component
    INTERACTION
    DNA
    RNA
    small molecule cofactor, nucleotide,
  • FAD
    • protein
  • interacting with CDCA7L (inhibits the MAOA promoter and enzymatic activities)
  • SLC6A2
  • PARK2 suppresses the transcription of MAOA, MAOB to control oxidative stress induced by dopamine oxidation
  • KLF11 is an MAOA regulator and is produced in response to neuronal stress, which transcriptionally activates MAOA
  • stress increases KLF11 expression and induces its nuclear translocation and contributes to increase in MAOA expression
  • GATA2, SP1 and TATA-binding protein (TBP)interacting with the proximal promoter region of MAOA
    • cell & other
    REGULATION
    ASSOCIATED DISORDERS
    corresponding disease(s) MRIB , MAOA/BD
    related resource MITOP database
    Other morbid association(s)
    TypeGene ModificationChromosome rearrangementProtein expressionProtein Function
    constitutional     --over  
    in female panic desorders
    constitutional     --low  
    significantly lower platelet MAOA activity in children with hyperactive, inattentive, and combined subtype of ADHD than in control children
    constitutional       loss of function
    results in high 5-HT levels, antisocial, aggressive, and perseverative behaviors
    Susceptibility
  • to anorexia nervosa and to Parkinson disease
  • to delinquent behavior in adolescence and young adulthood
  • to attention--deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
  • to variation of interindividual differences in behavior.
    • Variant & Polymorphism other
  • rare 2 repeat of the 30-bp VNTR2, associated with deinquent behavior in adolescence and young adulthood
  • status of MAOA methylation observed in healthy males merits consideration as a variable contributing to interindividual differences in behavior
  • interaction of MAOA and SYP may be involved in the genetic mechanism of ADHD-I subtype
    • Candidate gene for obesity in dupXp11p21 patients
    Marker
    Therapy target
    ANIMAL & CELL MODELS
  • Htr6 mediates defective brain development in monoamine oxidase A-deficient mouse embryos
  • early postnatal inhibition of serotonin synthesis results in long-term reductions of perseverative behaviors, but not aggression, in Maoa-deficient mice