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FLASH GENE

Symbol

TNC

contributors: mct - updated : 06-02-2015

HGNC name	tenascin C
HGNC id	5318

FLASH GENE DNA RNA EXPRESSION PROTEIN DISORDER ANIMAL & CELL MODELS

EXPRESSION

Type

widely

expressed in	(based on citations)
organ(s)	System Organ level 1 Organ level 2 Organ level 3 Organ level 4 Level Pubmed Species Stage Rna symbol Hearing/Equilibrium ear inner cochlea     Homo sapiens Adult Nervous brain           spinal cord         Respiratory respiratory tract larynx     highly Skin/Tegument skin       highly Urinary bladder       highly

tissue

System Tissue Tissue level 1 Tissue level 2 Level Pubmed Species Stage Rna symbol Connective bone     highly

cells

System Cell Pubmed Species Stage Rna symbol Hearing / Equilibrium cochlea cell Homo sapiens

cell lineage

cell lines

fluid/secretion

at STAGE

PROTEIN

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES

STRUCTURE

motifs/domains	15 EGF-like domains
	15 fibronectin type III domains (3th to 5th are heparin-binding site)
	a fibrinogen-like globe domain, a 227–AA(26.9 kDa) globular domain at the C-terminus

conjugated

GlycoP

mono polymer

homomer , hexamer

HOMOLOGY

interspecies

homolog to murine Tnc

Homologene

FAMILY

tenascin family

CATEGORY

structural protein

SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION	extracellular
text	mesenchymal extracellular matrix
	extracellular matrix brain glycoprotein
	present in the basilar membrane (BM), and the osseous spiral lamina of the cochlea

basic FUNCTION	substrate adhesion molecule of the extra-cellular matrix
	promoting neurite outgrowth of embryonic hippocampal neurons through the alternatively spliced fibronectin type III BD domains via activation of the cell adhesion molecule
	like TNC, FBLN1 inhibits fibroblast spreading and cell-mediated contraction of a fibrin-FN matrix
	TNC and TNR play antagonistic roles for differentiation and comparably inhibit morphologic maturation
	endogenous activator of TLR4-mediated immunity that mediates persistent synovial inflammation and tissue destruction in arthritic joint disease
	playing a potential role in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis, where its induction upon tissue injury creates a perpetual destructive cycle
	role of tenascin-C as a regulator of the fibrinolytic system
	potential role for this protein in vascular morphogenesis, in matrices of injured and tumor tissues
	is a critical component of the bone marrow microenvironment that is required for hematopoietic regeneration
	matricellular protein expressed during embryonic development, as well as in wound healing and cancer invasion in various tissues, and may regulate cell behavior and matrix organization during tissue remodeling
	TNC and tenascin-R (TNR) play important roles in cell proliferation and migration, fate determination, axonal pathfinding, myelination, and synaptic plasticity
	in cell interactions during development and, in the adult, in synaptic activity and plasticity, as well as regeneration after injury, TNC is conducive for regeneration and TNR is inhibitory for functional recovery
	plays an important role in cochlear development
	unidentified roles for TNC in hemopoiesis: in lineage commitment of thymic T cell progenitors, peripheral T cell migration, and hemopoietic reconstitution
	TNC and tenascin-R (TNR), regulate differentiation and migration, in addition to neurite outgrowth and survival in numerous types of neurons and mesenchymal progenitor cells

CELLULAR PROCESS

PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS

PATHWAY

metabolism

signaling

a component	hexamer of the monomers tenascin C or brachion, associated with active epithelial-stromal interactions
	contactin
	a homotrimer may be formed in the triple coiled-coil region and may be stabilized by disulfide rings at both ends

INTERACTION

DNA

RNA

small molecule

protein	interacting with CTSB in the progression of gliomas
	induced by mutated BMP type II receptors in familial forms of pulmonary arterial hypertension
	interacting with NT5E (a novel and specific receptor for tenascin C and the interaction between these proteins may influence cell adhesion and migration and also lead to decreased generation of local adenosine)
	TNC and TNR interfered with the activation of the small GTPase RHOA
	stromal TNC, predominantly provided by S100A4+ cells, facilitates metastatic colonization
	downregulates DKK1 promoter activity through the blocking of actin stress fiber formation, activates WNT signaling, and induces WNT target genes in tumor and endothelial cells

cell & other

REGULATION

induced by	tumor-specific EWSR1-ETS1 fusion gene
		TGFB

repressed by	regulated by FLI1in the development of neural crest cells
		GATA6 (transcriptional repressor of TNC gene expression in fibroblasts

ASSOCIATED DISORDERS

corresponding disease(s)

DFNA56

Other morbid association(s)

Type Gene Modification Chromosome rearrangement Protein expression Protein Function tumoral     --over   in breast cancer cells,in astrocytoma and glioma in progression tumoral     --other   expression in pilocytic and diffuse astrocytomas constitutional     --over   in scleroderma (SSc), scleroderma spectrum disorder (SSD), and localized scleroderma (LSc)

Susceptibility

to asthma and rhinoconjunctivitis

Variant & Polymorphism other	polymorphisms might play a more independent role for development of upper airway disease such as rhinoconjunctivitis, whereas for asthma, the interplay with other genes, like NPSR1, becomes more prominent

Candidate gene
Marker	aberrant expression of NNAT and TNC was a useful marker for distinguishing malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) from benign neurofibroma
	FBN2, TNC, MATN2, and MATN4 may be markers of the pathogenesis of either granular or lattice type I corneal dystrophy
	realistic and promising biomarker and a target for molecular imaging for the diagnosis of various cardiovascular diseases
Therapy target
	System Type Disorder Pubmed neurology neurodegenerative alzheimer potential for TNC as a new therapeutic target in AD cardiovascular aquired   therapeutic target as a key molecule in the control of the balance of beneficial and undesirable cellular responses during tissue remodeling

ANIMAL & CELL MODELS