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FLASH GENE

Symbol

AMD1

contributors: mct - updated : 17-01-2015

HGNC name	adenosylmethionine decarboxylase 1
HGNC id	457

FLASH GENE DNA RNA EXPRESSION PROTEIN DISORDER ANIMAL & CELL MODELS

RNA

TRANSCRIPTS	type	messenger

identification nb exons type bp product Protein kDa AA specific expression Year Pubmed NM_001287215 9 - 3200 NP_001274144 - 265 - 1995 7789170 NM_001634 9 - 3437 NP_001625 - 334 - 1995 7789170 NM_001287214 10 - 3350 NP_001274143 - 305 - 1995 7789170

EXPRESSION

Type

expressed in	(based on citations)
organ(s)	System Organ level 1 Organ level 2 Organ level 3 Organ level 4 Level Pubmed Species Stage Rna symbol Digestive intestine small intestine         intestine large intestine colon

cell lineage

cell lines

fluid/secretion

at STAGE

physiological period

Text

stem cell

PROTEIN

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES

STRUCTURE

motifs/domains

mono polymer

heteromer , tetramer

HOMOLOGY

interspecies	homolog to rattus Amd1
	homolog to murine Amd1

Homologene

FAMILY

eukaryotic AdoMetDC family

CATEGORY

enzyme

SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION	intracellular
	intracellular,cytoplasm,cytosolic

basic FUNCTION	important intermediate enzyme in polyamine biosynthesis
	enzyme controlling a rate-liming step for the synthesis of spermidine, which is incorporated into EIF5A in the form of the non-standard amino acid hypusine
	plays an essential role in embryonic development
	pyruvoyl-dependent enzyme that catalyzes the formation of the aminopropyl group donor in the biosynthesis of the polyamines spermidine and spermine
	ubiquitinated and degraded by the 26 S proteasome, and substrate-mediated acceleration of degradation is a unique finding
	key enzyme for the biosynthesis of spermidine
	key enzyme in the polyamine synthesis pathway, in regulating both ESC self-renewal and differentiation to the neural lineage
	major regulator of ESC self-renewal and its essential role lies in its regulation of MYC levels within the cell
	implicated in ESC self-renewal and directed differentiation of ESCs to neural precursor cells (NPCs)
	both AMD1 and ODC1 are essential regulators of ESCs and function to ensure high polyamine levels to promote ESC self-renewal
	AMD1-stimulated different complete network was involved in AMD1 activation with cytoplasm ubiquitin specific peptidase (tRNA-guanine transglycosylase) to nucleus paired box-induced mRNA processing

CELLULAR PROCESS

PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS

PATHWAY

metabolism

signaling

a component	heterotetramer of two alpha and two beta chains
	polyamine–hypusine axis is a new tumour suppressor network regulating apoptosis

INTERACTION

DNA

RNA

small molecule	cofactor,
	pyruvoyl group

protein

cell & other

REGULATION

activated by

Putrescine (1,4-diaminobutane), that activates the autoprocessing and decarboxylation reactions ofAMD1, a critical enzyme in the polyamine biosynthetic pathway

ASSOCIATED DISORDERS

corresponding disease(s)

Other morbid association(s)

Type Gene Modification Chromosome rearrangement Protein expression Protein Function constitutional     --over   required for maintenance of the embryonic stem cell (ESC) state

Susceptibility

Variant & Polymorphism

Candidate gene

Marker

Therapy target

ANIMAL & CELL MODELS