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FLASH GENE
Symbol PTPRA contributors: mct - updated : 25-10-2016
HGNC name protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor type, A
HGNC id 9664
PROTEIN
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
STRUCTURE
motifs/domains
HOMOLOGY
Homologene
FAMILY
  • protein-tyrosine phosphatase family
  • receptor class 4 subfamily
    • CATEGORY enzyme , receptor membrane
    SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION extracellular
        plasma membrane
        intracellular
    text
  • significant fraction of PTPRA is present in lipid rafts, where its targets FYN
    • basic FUNCTION
  • tyrosine phosphatase, receptor
  • required for rigidity-dependent reinforcement of fibronectin (FN)-cytoskeleton bonds and the rigidity response in hippocampal neuron growth cones, like in fibroblasts
  • is a critical regulator of FYN activation and of specific FYN signaling events during differentiation, and is essential for promoting oligodendrocyte progenitor cells differentiation and central nervous system myelination
  • force-responsive proteins such as PTPRA can influence cancer-cell behavior and identify potential targets for cancer therapy
  • mitotic activator of the protein tyrosine kinase SRC
  • PTPRA acts in oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) to limit self-renewal and facilitate differentiation
  • PTPRA functions as a master coordinator of both arms of the spatial two-pronged anchoring of PTPR1 in focal adhesions
  • may be involved in the formation of axoglial junctions and ensheathment in small axons during myelination of the spinal cord
  • PTPRA promotes profibrotic signaling pathways in fibroblasts through control of cellular responsiveness to TGFB1
  • is recruited to epithelial adherens junctions at the time of cell-cell contact, where it is in molecular proximity to CDH1
  • controls cadherin-mediated signaling by linking homophilic CDH1 engagement to cortactin tyrosine phosphorylation through SRC
    • CELLULAR PROCESS
    PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS
    PATHWAY
    metabolism
    signaling
    a component
    INTERACTION
    DNA
    RNA
    small molecule
    protein
  • NCAM1 directly interacts with the intracellular domain of the receptor-like protein tyrosine phosphatase PTPRA, a known activator of FYN
  • PTPRA-induced phosphorylation of Paxillin and PAG1 induces recruitment of the SFK inhibitory kinase CSK, indicative of negative feedback loops limiting SFK activation by PTPRA
  • is an important positive regulator of FYN activation and signaling that is required for the differentiation of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs)
  • GRB2 binding to PTPRA, which was proposed to compete with SRC binding to PTPRA, was only modestly reduced in mitosis, which could not account for enhanced SRC binding
  • PTPRA interacts with CNTN1 to form a membrane-spanning co-receptor complex to transduce extracellular signals to FYN tyrosine kinase
  • GRB2 is a new PTK2 activator awith an essential role in coordinating PTPRA tyrosine phosphorylation to enable downstream integrin signaling and migration
  • is a GNB2L1 binding protein, suggesting that GNB2L1 may coordinate PTPRA-Tyr-789 phosphorylation in the signaling networks to promote cell migration
    • cell & other
    REGULATION
    ASSOCIATED DISORDERS
    corresponding disease(s)
    Other morbid association(s)
    TypeGene ModificationChromosome rearrangementProtein expressionProtein Function
    constitutional       loss of function
    facilitates abnormal myelination and pronouncedly increases the number of non-landed oligodendrocyte loops at shortened paranodes in the spinal cord
    Susceptibility
    Variant & Polymorphism
    Candidate gene
    Marker
    Therapy target
    ANIMAL & CELL MODELS
  • Ptpra(-/-) mice were protected from pulmonary fibrosis induced by adenoviral-mediated expression of active TGFbeta1
  • PTPalpha(-/-) mice have more oligodendrocyte lineage cells in embryonic forebrain and delayed oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) maturation