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FLASH GENE

Symbol

ADORA2A

contributors: mct/npt/pgu - updated : 12-02-2013

HGNC name	adenosine A2a receptor
HGNC id	263

FLASH GENE DNA RNA EXPRESSION PROTEIN DISORDER ANIMAL & CELL MODELS

RNA

TRANSCRIPTS	type	messenger

identification nb exons type bp product Protein kDa AA specific expression Year Pubmed NM_000675 3 - 2590 NP_000666 44.58 412 - 1992 1331670

EXPRESSION

Type

widely

expressed in	(based on citations)
organ(s)	System Organ level 1 Organ level 2 Organ level 3 Organ level 4 Level Pubmed Species Stage Rna symbol Cardiovascular vessels       highly Digestive liver       highly Lymphoid/Immune lymph node       moderately   spleen       highly Nervous brain basal nuclei striatum   highly Homo sapiens Adult

cells

System Cell Pubmed Species Stage Rna symbol Blood/Hematopoietic platelet Homo sapiens Lymphoid/Immune lymphocyte Homo sapiens Adult

cell lineage

cell lines

fluid/secretion

at STAGE

PROTEIN

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES

STRUCTURE

motifs/domains	seven transmembrane helical segments (7TM)
	long C-terminus (of >120 AAs), which is for the most part dispensable for coupling to G(s), but is a binding site for several additional 'accessory' proteins

conjugated

GlycoP

mono polymer

oligo

HOMOLOGY

interspecies	ortholog to rattus Adora2a
	ortholog to murine Adora2a

Homologene

FAMILY

G-protein coupled receptor 1 family

CATEGORY

receptor membrane G

SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION	plasma membrane
	intracellular
	intracellular,cytoplasm,cytoskeleton,intermed filament
text	integral to plasma membrane
	concentrated mainly in one side of the cytoplasm

basic FUNCTION	acting as a gastric inhibitor peptide receptor
	acting as a rhodopsin-like receptor
	encodes the major receptor activity of caffeine in the brain
	having ability to stimulate the activity of ubiquitin
	proteasome system upon encountering stress
	prototypical G(s)-coupled receptor, that couples to adenylyl cyclase by restricted collision coupling and forms a tight complex with G(s)
	may function as a coincidence detector and a signal integrator
	modulate the tubuloglomerular response by counteracting the effects of ADORA1
	control neuroinflammation and consequent hippocampal neuronal dysfunction
	involvement of ADORA2A in engulfment-dependent apoptotic cell suppression of inflammation
	its lymphocyte expression is essential for limiting the severity of the inflammatory response

CELLULAR PROCESS	cell life, cell death/apoptosis

PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS

coagulation/hemostasis , development , inflammation

text	blood coagulation
	central nervous system development
	neurotransmitter transport
	phagocytosis

PATHWAY

metabolism

signaling

signal transduction

activating adenylate cyclase

a component

forming oligimer with dopamine receptor

INTERACTION

DNA

RNA

small molecule

protein	ADORA2A modulates the differentiation ability of trophic factors through a novel interacting protein, TRAX
	interacting with NECAB2
	interaction partners include alpha-actinin (ACTN1), CYTH2, USP4 and translin-associated protein-X(TSNAX)
	involved in the mechanism of transactivation of BDNF receptor NTRK2, and they also modulate the effect of BDNF on synaptic transmission, playing a facilitatory and permissive role
	tight control of CNR1 function by ADORA2A in glutamatergic terminals of the striatum
	interaction of ADORA2A, P2RY1, P2RY12
	ADORA2A and CNR1 may physically and functionally interact

cell & other

REGULATION

Other	regulated by hypoxia and EPAS1 in human lung endothelial cells
	its blockade reduced the number of myofibroblasts and angiogenesis but not macrophage infiltration in the scar

ASSOCIATED DISORDERS

corresponding disease(s)

Other morbid association(s)

Type Gene Modification Chromosome rearrangement Protein expression Protein Function constitutional       loss of function selective inactivation of ADORA2A in striatal neurons enhances working memory and reversal learning (

Susceptibility

to modification of age at onset in Huntington's disease to habitual caffeine consumption

Variant & Polymorphism other	rs5751876 T/T genotype have an earlier age at onset of 3.8 years as compared to C/C genotype
	probability of having the ADORA2A 1083TT genotype decreases as habitual caffeine consumption increases

Candidate gene
Marker	its expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells may be a valuable means of differentiating amnestic mild cognitive impairment and multiple cognitive domain mild cognitive impairment
Therapy target
	System Type Disorder Pubmed dermatology skin   pharmacological A2AR blockade can be used to diminish scarring while improving the collagen composition and tensile strength of the healed wound neurology neurodegenerative huntington chorea novel therapeutic pathway of A2A receptor in HD and further strengthen the concept that the ADORA2A can be a drug target in treating HD

ANIMAL & CELL MODELS