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FLASH GENE

Symbol

PTX3

contributors: mct - updated : 29-06-2010

HGNC name	pentraxin 3, long
HGNC id	9692

FLASH GENE DNA RNA EXPRESSION PROTEIN DISORDER ANIMAL & CELL MODELS

Location	3q25.32      Physical location : 157.154.579 - 157.161.416
Synonym name	tumor necrosis factor, alpha-induced protein 5
	pentaxin-related protein PTX3
	pentraxin-related gene, rapidly induced by IL-1 beta
	TNF alpha-induced protein 5
Synonym symbol(s)	TSG14, TNFAIP5

DNA

TYPE	functioning gene
STRUCTURE	6.84 kb     3 Exon(s)

10 Kb 5' upstream gene genomic sequence study

MAPPING

cloned

Y

linked

N

status

provisional

RNA

TRANSCRIPTS	type	messenger

identification nb exons type bp product Protein kDa AA specific expression Year Pubmed NM_002852 3 - 1955 NP_002843 - 381 - 2009 19900712

EXPRESSION

Type

widely

expressed in	(based on citations)
organ(s)	System Organ level 1 Organ level 2 Organ level 3 Organ level 4 Level Pubmed Species Stage Rna symbol Cardiovascular heart         Endocrine neuroendocrine pituitary     highly Nervous brain forebrain cerebral lobe frontal   Reproductive female system placenta     highly Respiratory lung       highly Urinary kidney tubule convoluted tubule proximal tubule highly

tissue

System Tissue Tissue level 1 Tissue level 2 Level Pubmed Species Stage Rna symbol Blood / hematopoietic bone marrow     highly Connective bone     highly

cells

System Cell Pubmed Species Stage Rna symbol Urinary epithelial cell

cell lineage

cell lines

fluid/secretion

at STAGE

PROTEIN

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES

STRUCTURE

motifs/domains	cysteine residues at positions 47, 49, and 103 in the N-terminal region form three homotypic interchain disulfide bonds holding four protein subunits in a tetrameric arrangement
	a putative signal peptide
	a pentraxin domain
	two FGF2 binding sites, in PTX3 octamer
	C-terminal domain required for C1q recognition and complement activation and containing a single N-glycosylation site on Asn 220

conjugated

GlycoP

mono polymer

homomer , octamer

HOMOLOGY

interspecies

homolog to murine Ptx3

Homologene

FAMILY

pentaxin family

CATEGORY

regulatory

SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION	extracellular
text	key component of the hyaluronan-rich cumulus extracellular matrix, which forms around the oocyte prior to ovulation

basic FUNCTION	playing a role in the inflammatory response (antifungal innate immune response)
	playing key roles in the regulation of innate resistance to pathogens, inflammatory reactions, possibly clearance of self- components and female fertility
	may play a role in the innate immune response and inflammatory reactions in the kidney
	fluid-phase pattern recognition receptor that plays a nonredundant role in innate immunity and female fertility
	involved in C1q recognition and complement activation
	multifunctional soluble pattern recognition receptor acting as a non-redundant component of the humoral arm of innate immunity involved in fine-tuning inflammation, matrix deposition, angiogenesis and, in particular, in female fertility
	translocates at the surface of late apoptotic neutrophils and acts as an 'eat-me' molecule for their recognition and capture by macrophages
	coordinated expression of PTX3 and TNFAIP6 may play a role in ECM remodeling at sites of inflammation
	important role in innate immune responses and in female fertility
	participates in the attenuation of macrophage-mediated phagocytosis of damaged neuron cells
	role for astrocytic CEBPD and the CEBPD-regulated molecule PTX3 in the accumulation of damaged neurons, which is a hallmark of Alzheimer disease pathogenesis

CELLULAR PROCESS

PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS

inflammation

text	inflammatory response

PATHWAY

metabolism

signaling

a component	homomultimer, disulfide-linked
	being mainly composed of covalently linked octamers
	composed of multiple protomers, each composed of distinct N- and C-terminal domains (eight identical protomers, associated through disulfide bonds, forming an elongated and asymmetric, molecule with two differently sized domains interconnected by a stalk)

INTERACTION

DNA

RNA

small molecule

protein	interacting with TNFAIP6 (coordinated expression of PTX3 and TNFAIP6 may play a role in ECM remodeling at sites of inflammation)
	CEBPD target in astrocytes
	binds to the classical and lectin pathway regulator C4b-binding protein (C4BPA)

cell & other

REGULATION

induced by	IL1B
		TNFA
		estradiol and progesterone that are involved in PTX3 induction and regulation during embryo implantation

ASSOCIATED DISORDERS

corresponding disease(s)

Other morbid association(s)

Type Gene Modification Chromosome rearrangement Protein expression Protein Function constitutional     --over   elevated serum PTX3 levels are associated with the disease severity of systemic sclerosis

Susceptibility

to pulmonary tuberculosis

Variant & Polymorphism other	polymorphisms increasing the risk of pulmonary tuberculosis in addition with CD209

Candidate gene	amniotic fluid pentraxin 3 appears to be a marker of intra-amniotic inflammation
Marker
Therapy target

ANIMAL & CELL MODELS