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FLASH GENE
Symbol GKN2 contributors: mct - updated : 16-06-2020
HGNC name gastrokine 2
HGNC id 24588
Location 2p13.3      Physical location : 69.172.364 - 69.180.102
Synonym name
  • blottin
  • down regulated in gastric cancer GDDR
  • trefoil factor interactions(z) 1
  • BRICHOS domain containing 1B
    • Synonym symbol(s) GDDR, PRO813, TFIZ1, VLTI465, BRICD1B
    DNA
    TYPE functioning gene
    STRUCTURE 7.66 kb     6 Exon(s)
    MAPPING cloned Y linked N status provisional
    RNA
    TRANSCRIPTS type messenger
    identificationnb exonstypebpproduct
    ProteinkDaAAspecific expressionYearPubmed
    6 - 723 - 184 - 2009 18722547
    EXPRESSION
    Type restricted
       expressed in (based on citations)
    organ(s)
    SystemOrgan level 1Organ level 2Organ level 3Organ level 4LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
    Cardiovascularheart    
    Digestivestomach   predominantly Homo sapiens
    Respiratorylung    
    Visualeyeretinafovea  
    tissue
    SystemTissueTissue level 1Tissue level 2LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
    Epithelialabsorptive excretorydigestive epithelium (mucosa)  
    Epithelialsensoryvisualphotoreceptor layer 
    cells
    SystemCellPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
    Digestivegastric
    cell lineage
    cell lines
    fluid/secretion
    at STAGE
    PROTEIN
    PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    STRUCTURE
    motifs/domains
    		an approximately 100 amino acid BRICHOS domain
    HOMOLOGY
    intraspecies homolog to GKN1
    Homologene
    FAMILY
    CATEGORY regulatory
    SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION extracellular
        intracellular
    intracellular,cytoplasm,organelle,membrane
    intracellular,cytoplasm,organelle,endoplasmic reticulum
    text
  • expression of GKN2 transcript and protein in the visceral endodermal layer and at lower levels in YS endothelial cells
    • basic FUNCTION
  • may play a role in gastrointestinal mucosal protection and modulate gut epithelial cell proliferation
  • GKN1, GKN2, secreted proteins that are products of gastric mucus-producing cell lineages
  • playing likely an important role in extravillous trophoblasts (EVT) physiology
  • is a tumor suppressor gene in gastric tumorigenesis
    • CELLULAR PROCESS
    PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS
    PATHWAY
    metabolism
    signaling
    a component heterodimer comprises one molecule each of TFF1 and GKN2, and the disulfide bond between TFF1 and GKN2 is the most important factor stabilizing the heterodimer
    INTERACTION
    DNA
    RNA
    small molecule
    protein
  • TFF1 protein partner
  • gastrointestinal tract specific gene GKN2 might inhibit gastric cancer growth in a TFF1 dependent manner
  • GKN2 may contribute to the homeostasis of gastric epithelial cells by inhibiting GKN1 activity
  • might inhibit the progression of normal gastric epithelial cells to cancer cells by suppressing NFKB1 signaling pathway, which in turn could be regulated by H. pylori infection (
  • interaction between GKN2 and TFF1 can have synergistic antiproliferative and pro-apoptotic effects on gastric cancer
  • GKN2 promotes oxidative stress-induced gastric cancer cell apoptosis via the HSPA8 pathway
    • cell & other
    REGULATION
    ASSOCIATED DISORDERS
    corresponding disease(s)
    Other morbid association(s)
    TypeGene ModificationChromosome rearrangementProtein expressionProtein Function
    tumoral     --low  
    significant reduction of GKN1 and GKN2 genes expression in the cancerous specimens in comparison with the normal tissues
    constitutional     --over  
    HELLP placentas showed a tendency of increased levels of GKN2 expression with a more prominent GKN2 staining in their syncytiotrophoblast
    Susceptibility
    Variant & Polymorphism
    Candidate gene
    Marker
    Therapy target
    ANIMAL & CELL MODELS