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FLASH GENE
Symbol TGM4 contributors: mct - updated : 05-06-2019
HGNC name transglutaminase 4 (prostate)
HGNC id 11780
EXPRESSION
Type
   expressed in (based on citations)
organ(s)
SystemOrgan level 1Organ level 2Organ level 3Organ level 4LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
Reproductivemale systemprostate    Homo sapiens
cell lineage
cell lines
fluid/secretion
at STAGE
PROTEIN
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
STRUCTURE
motifs/domains
SP1 binding site essential to basal activity
HOMOLOGY
Homologene
FAMILY TGase family
CATEGORY enzyme
SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION     intracellular
intracellular,cytoplasm,organelle,Golgi
basic FUNCTION
  • transglutaminase involved in reproductive process and processed pseudogene in the promoter containing a cyclophilin A
  • plays a pivotal role in the interaction between endothelial cells and prostate cancer cells, an action which is independent of the ROCK pathway
  • catalyzes calcium-dependent posttranslational modification of proteins
  • TGM4 antagonizes the anti-tumour action of MDA-7/IL-24 in prostate cancer
  • enhance various biological properties of prostate cancer cells, e.g., cell-matrix adhesion, invasiveness and the epithelial-mesenchymal transition
  • is a prostatic secretory molecule with critical role in male reproduction
  • is a gene involved in the AR signaling pathway
    • CELLULAR PROCESS
    PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS
    PATHWAY
    metabolism
    signaling
    a component
    INTERACTION
    DNA
    RNA
    small molecule
    protein
  • regulation of TGM4 gene depends mainly on retinoic acid (RA)
  • RARG plays a major role in the regulation of TGM4 gene and presence of the AR, but not its transcriptional transactivation activity, is critical for TGM4 transcription
    • cell & other
    REGULATION
    ASSOCIATED DISORDERS
    corresponding disease(s)
    Other morbid association(s)
    TypeGene ModificationChromosome rearrangementProtein expressionProtein Function
    tumoral     --low  
    in the Prostate carcinoma compared to the benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)
    Susceptibility
    Variant & Polymorphism
    Candidate gene
    Marker
  • may serve as a potential predictor of biochemical recurrence of prostate cancer
    • Therapy target
    ANIMAL & CELL MODELS
  • male mice knockouts for transglutaminase IV (Tgm4) fail to form a copulatory plug