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FLASH GENE

Symbol

CIDEA

contributors: mct - updated : 22-10-2011

HGNC name	cell death-inducing DNA fragmentation factor alpha-like effector a
HGNC id	1976

FLASH GENE DNA RNA EXPRESSION PROTEIN DISORDER ANIMAL & CELL MODELS

DNA

TYPE	functioning gene
STRUCTURE	23.28 kb     5 Exon(s)

10 Kb 5' upstream gene genomic sequence study

regulatory sequence	Promoter
	cytosine-phosphate-guanine/HTF
	Binding site
text structure	two Sp1/Sp3 binding sites in the promoter
	SREBF1 markedly enhanced the promoter activity of CIDEA, and TIMP1 inhibited the expression of CIDEA mRNA (

MAPPING

cloned

Y

linked

N

status

provisional

RNA

TRANSCRIPTS	type	messenger

identification nb exons type bp product Protein kDa AA specific expression Year Pubmed NM_001279 5 - 1099 24.5 219 - 2011 21315073 CIDEA I2 5 - 1324 28.1 253 - 2011 21315073 differing in the 5'UTR and CDs compared to variant 1

EXPRESSION

Type	restricted

expressed in	(based on citations)
organ(s)	System Organ level 1 Organ level 2 Organ level 3 Organ level 4 Level Pubmed Species Stage Rna symbol Nervous ganglia autonomic ganglia sympathetic

tissue

System Tissue Tissue level 1 Tissue level 2 Level Pubmed Species Stage Rna symbol Connective adipose white   predominantly Homo sapiens

cells

System Cell Pubmed Species Stage Rna symbol not specific adipocyte Homo sapiens

cell lineage

cell lines

fluid/secretion

at STAGE

PROTEIN

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES

STRUCTURE

motifs/domains	N-terminal domain is required for CIDEA-mediated development of enlarged lipid droplets
	one CIDE-N domain
	C-terminal domain directs lipid droplet targeting, lipid droplet clustering, and triglyceride accumulation

HOMOLOGY

interspecies

homolog to murine Cidea

Homologene

FAMILY

cell death-inducing DNA fragmentation factor-alpha-like effector family

CATEGORY

regulatory

SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION	intracellular
	intracellular,cytoplasm
	intracellular,nucleus
text	colocalizes around lipid droplets with perilipin, a regulator of lipolysis
	localizes to both the cytoplasm and the nucleus in human white adipocytes

basic FUNCTION	activator of apoptosis
	playing an important role in lipolysis regulation and metabolic complications of obesity, which is at least in part mediated by cross-talk between CIDEA and TNF-alpha
	playing a role in adipose tissue energy expenditure
	mitochondrial protein that negatively regulates the activity of the BAT uncoupling protein UCP1
	Cide domain-containing proteins play an important role in sequestration of triglyceride within adipocytes, promoting whole-body insulin sensitivity
	plays a central role in controlling metabolic flux in human adipose tissues through its regulation of fat storage in lipid droplets
	playing a role in lipid-droplet structure or function
	playing important roles in maintaining triglyceride stores in lean and obese individuals
	involved in adipose tissue loss in cancer cachexia and this may, at least in part, be due to its ability to inactivate pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (
	CIDEA and CIDEC are novel genes regulated by insulin in human adipocytes and may play key roles in the effects of insulin, such as anti-apoptosis and lipid droplet formation (
	CIDEA and CIDEC are closely involved in the progression of hepatic steatosis, and TIMP1 inhibits CIDEA gene expression through SREBF1 regulation
	may prevent lipolysis by binding and shielding lipid droplets from lipase association

CELLULAR PROCESS	cell life, cell death/apoptosis

PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS

PATHWAY

metabolism

signaling

a component

INTERACTION

DNA

RNA

small molecule

protein

binds to liver X receptors (NR1H2, NR1H3) and regulates their activity (could therefore be of importance for the regulation of metabolic processes in human adipose tissue)

cell & other

REGULATION

inhibited by	by the DNA fragmentation factor DFF45
	DFFB

repressed by

CpG methylation of the promoter, regulating the Sp1/Sp3 binding sites

ASSOCIATED DISORDERS

corresponding disease(s)

Other morbid association(s)

Type Gene Modification Chromosome rearrangement Protein expression Protein Function constitutional     --low   decreased twofold in obese humans and normalized after weight reduction

Susceptibility

Variant & Polymorphism

Candidate gene
Marker
Therapy target	potential target for the treatment of obesity via the modulation of metabolic rate, based on the findings that CIDEA inhibits the brown adipose tissue uncoupling process

ANIMAL & CELL MODELS