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FLASH GENE
Symbol TUBB3 contributors: mct/npt/shn/pgu - updated : 02-02-2022
HGNC name tubulin, beta 3
HGNC id 20774
PROTEIN
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES acid
STRUCTURE
motifs/domains
  • a highly acidic C-terminal region that may bind cations such as calcium
    • mono polymer heteromer , dimer
    HOMOLOGY
    interspecies ortholog to Tubb3, Mus musculus
    ortholog to Tubb3, Rattus norvegicus
    Homologene
    FAMILY
  • tubulin family
    • CATEGORY structural protein
    SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION     intracellular
    intracellular,cytoplasm,cytoskeleton,microtubule
    intracellular,nucleus
    basic FUNCTION
  • acting as a GTPase
  • acting as a melanocyte stimulating hormone receptor
  • acting as a rhodopsin-like receptor
  • betaIII-tubulin diminishes microtubule assembly, is toxic when present at high levels, but is able to confer weak resistance to paclitaxel when expressed at moderate levels in mammalian cells
  • survival factor able to directly contribute to drug resistance
  • required for axon guidance and maintenance, and necessary for guidance of commissural fibers and cranial nerve
  • TUBB3 directly links NTN1 signaling pathways to MT dynamics and plays an important role in guiding commissural axons
  • while TUBB3 is not required for formation of the nervous system, it has a specific role in the rate of peripheral axon regeneration that cannot be replaced by other beta-tubulins
    • CELLULAR PROCESS
    PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS
    PATHWAY
    metabolism
    signaling signal transduction
    G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway
    a component
  • involved in a heterodimer of alpha and beta chains
  • being the major constituent of microtubules
    • INTERACTION
    DNA
    RNA
    small molecule nucleotide,
  • GTP (two moles, one at an exchangeable site on the beta chain and one at a nonexchangeable site on the alpha-chain)
    • protein
  • regulates expression of proteins associated with malignant growth and metastases
  • expression of relatively low levels of TUBB3 in mitotic cells can be detrimental for their cytokinesis and underscore the importance of CIT in counteracting this event
  • disengagement of UNC5C with polymerized TUBB3 plays an essential role in NTN-1/UNC5C-mediated axon repulsion
  • NTN1, a canonical guidance cue, induced the interaction of TUBB3 with the netrin receptor DCC
  • TUBA1B and TUBB3, were identified as the novel CLDN11-interacting proteins, and CLDN11 interacted with these two tubulins through its intracellular loop and C-terminus
  • direct coupling of dynamic TUBB3 in microtubules with netrin receptors is required for NTN1-mediated axon guidance, and the interaction of NTN1 repulsive receptor UNC5C with TUBB3 is involved in NTN1 mediated axonal repulsion
  • interaction of exogenous RILPL2 with TUBB3 resulted in the downregulation of Breast canncer cell proliferation and migration and upregulation of PTEN expression by promoting destabilization of TUBB3
    • cell & other
    REGULATION
    ASSOCIATED DISORDERS
    corresponding disease(s) CFEOM3A , PMGAD
    Other morbid association(s)
    TypeGene ModificationChromosome rearrangementProtein expressionProtein Function
    constitutional     --low  
    in most tumors
    Susceptibility
    Variant & Polymorphism
    Candidate gene marker of drug resistance in human cancer
    Marker
    Therapy target
    ANIMAL & CELL MODELS