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FLASH GENE

Symbol

PTPRS

contributors: mct - updated : 21-04-2022

HGNC name	protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor type, S
HGNC id	9681

FLASH GENE DNA RNA EXPRESSION PROTEIN DISORDER ANIMAL & CELL MODELS

Location	19p13.3      Physical location : 5.205.519 - 5.340.814
Synonym name	protein tyrosine phosphatase PTPsigma
Synonym symbol(s)	PTPSIGMA, R-PTP-S, R-PTP-sigma
EC.number	3.1.3.48

DNA

TYPE	functioning gene
STRUCTURE	135.30 kb     38 Exon(s)

10 Kb 5' upstream gene genomic sequence study

MAPPING

cloned

Y

linked

status

provisional

Map	pter - D19S342 - D19S436 /D19S534 - D19S216 - D19S453 - D19S233E /PTPRS - D19S177 - FUT6 - FUT5 - RFX2 - D19S350 /MLLT1 - C3 - cen

RNA

TRANSCRIPTS	type	messenger

identification nb exons type bp product Protein kDa AA specific expression Year Pubmed NM_002850 38 - 7347 NP_002841 - 1948 - 2021 33313879 NM_130853 29 - 6006 NP_570923 - 1501 - 2021 33313879 NM_130854 33 - 7233 NP_570924 - 1910 - 2021 33313879 NM_130855 30 - 6018 NP_570925 - 1505 - 2021 33313879 NM_001394013 32 - 7230 NP_001380942 - 1906 - 2021 33313879 NM_001394011 34 - 7290 NP_001380940 - 1926 - 2021 33313879 NM_001394012 34 - 7269 NP_001380941 - 1919 - 2021 33313879

EXPRESSION

Type

widely

expressed in	(based on citations)
organ(s)	System Organ level 1 Organ level 2 Organ level 3 Organ level 4 Level Pubmed Species Stage Rna symbol Endocrine thyroid       highly Nervous brain       highly Homo sapiens Reproductive female system ovary     highly   male system prostate     highly Respiratory respiratory tract larynx     highly

cell lineage

cell lines

fluid/secretion

at STAGE

physiological period

fetal

Text	highly expressed in the developing mammalian nervous system

PROTEIN

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES

STRUCTURE

motifs/domains	8 fibronectin type-III domains
	three Ig-like C2-type (immunoglobulin-like) domains
	two tyrosine-protein phosphatase domains

HOMOLOGY

Homologene

FAMILY	protein-tyrosine phosphatase family, receptor class 2A subfamily
	Leukocyte antigen related (LAR) family receptor
	LAR-RPTP subfamily

CATEGORY

receptor membrane

SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION	extracellular
	plasma membrane
	intracellular
	intracellular,cytoplasm,cytosolic
	intracellular,nucleus

basic FUNCTION	tyrosine phosphatase receptor, putatively involved in the development of the nervous system
	may be involved in cell-cell interaction, primary axonogenesis, and axon guidance during embryogenesis
	PTPRD, PTPRS regulate neuroendocrine development, axonal regeneration, and hippocampal long-term potentiation
	PTPRD and PTPRS complement each other functionally during mammalian development, and have an essential contribution to appropriate motoneuron axon targeting during axonogenesis
	important role in the development of the nervous system and nerve regeneration
	modulates the actin cytoskeleton by regulating Rac GTPase activity through ARHGAP32
	modulates Rac dependent activity through regulating a novel substrate, ARHGAP32
	acts bimodally in sensory neuron extension, mediating chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPG)inhibition and heparan sulfate proteoglycans growth (HSPG) promotion
	PTPRS clustering would translate into an uneven distribution of phosphatase activity on the cell surface, consistent with localization-based models for receptor action
	PTPRS represents an evolutionarily conserved Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs)-specific inhibitory receptor, and is required to prevent spontaneous IFN production and immune-mediated intestinal inflammation
	PTPRS, PTPRD, PTPRF participate in several brain functions

CELLULAR PROCESS

PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS

PATHWAY

metabolism

signaling

a component

INTERACTION

DNA

RNA

small molecule

protein	interacts with PPFIA1, PPFIA2 and PPFIA3
	receptor for inhibitory chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan
	interaction with PPFIA4, BCAR1, TRIO
	ARHGAP32 is a novel substrate of PTPRS and PTPRS displayed its phosphatase specificity toward ARHGAP32
	SLITRK1, SLITRK2, SLITK3, SLITRK4, SLITRK5 and SLITRK6 appeared to interact with both PTPRD and PTPRS
	NME2 interacts with PTPRS, and NME2 associates with PTPRS to elicit neurite outgrowth inhibition in response to chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs)
	PTPRS regulate RAS pathway activation through ERK, and modulates ERK phosphorylation and subsequent translocation to the nucleus

cell & other

REGULATION

ASSOCIATED DISORDERS

corresponding disease(s)

Other morbid association(s)

Type Gene Modification Chromosome rearrangement Protein expression Protein Function tumoral     --low   in Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)

Susceptibility

to type 2 diabetes (T2D)

Variant & Polymorphism SNP	association of SNPs in PTPRS gene with T2D

Candidate gene
Marker
Therapy target
	System Type Disorder Pubmed neurology acquired   potential new target for enhancing axonal growth and plasticity after nervous system injury

ANIMAL & CELL MODELS

half of the mouse embryos lacking both Ptprs and Ptprf (LAR) exhibit micrognathia (small lower jaw), cleft palate and microglossia/glossoptosis (small and deep tongue), a phenotype closely resembling Pierre-Robin