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FLASH GENE

Symbol

TXN2

contributors: mct/npt/pgu - updated : 18-05-2009

HGNC name	thioredoxin 2
HGNC id	17772

FLASH GENE DNA RNA EXPRESSION PROTEIN DISORDER ANIMAL & CELL MODELS

Location	22q12.3      Physical location : 36.863.092 - 36.877.687
Synonym name	mitochondrial thioredoxin
Synonym symbol(s)	MT-TRX, TRX-2, TRX2

DNA

TYPE	functioning gene
STRUCTURE	14.59 kb     4 Exon(s)

10 Kb 5' upstream gene genomic sequence study

MAPPING

cloned

Y

linked

N

status

provisional

RNA

TRANSCRIPTS	type	messenger

identification nb exons type bp product Protein kDa AA specific expression Year Pubmed TXN2 4 - 1342 18 166 - 2009 19165900

EXPRESSION

Type

widely

expressed in	(based on citations)
organ(s)	System Organ level 1 Organ level 2 Organ level 3 Organ level 4 Level Pubmed Species Stage Rna symbol Digestive liver           pharynx       highly   salivary gland       highly Nervous brain         Reproductive male system prostate       Urinary kidney         Visual eye uvea choroid

tissue

System Tissue Tissue level 1 Tissue level 2 Level Pubmed Species Stage Rna symbol Epithelial barrier/lining retinal pigment epithelium (RPE)

cell lineage

cell lines

fluid/secretion

at STAGE

PROTEIN

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES

STRUCTURE

motifs/domains

HOMOLOGY

interspecies	ortholog to murine Txn2
	ortholog to rattus txn2

Homologene

FAMILY

thioredoxin family

CATEGORY

regulatory

SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION	intracellular
	intracellular,cytoplasm,organelle,mitochondria
	intracellular,nucleus,nucleolus

basic FUNCTION	may be playing an important role in the regulation of the mitochondrial membrane potential and in protection against oxidant-induced apoptosis
	playing a crucial role in regulating the mitochondrial apoptosis signaling pathway
	plays an important role in regulating cellular apoptosis
	attenuated hypoxia-evoked HIF-1alpha accumulation
	Trx2 interacts with specific components of the mitochondrial respiratory chain and plays an important role in the regulation of the mitochondrial membrane potential
	reduce disulfide bonds and other thiol modifications in all cells using a CXXC motif
	TXN and TXN2 regulate the proliferation and survival of adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells, and these processes are mediated by the activation of ERK1/2

CELLULAR PROCESS

PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS

PATHWAY

metabolism

signaling

a component

INTERACTION

DNA

RNA

small molecule

protein

interacts with PRDX3 and the TRX2/PRDX3 system functions in parallel with the GSX1 system to protect mitochondria from oxidative stress

cell & other

REGULATION

ASSOCIATED DISORDERS

corresponding disease(s)

Susceptibility

to spina-bifida

Variant & Polymorphism insertion/deletion	Ins/Del polymorphism in the proximal promoter region that altered the transcriptional activity, is associated with spina bifida risk

Candidate gene

Marker

Therapy target

ANIMAL & CELL MODELS