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FLASH GENE
Symbol CYGB contributors: mct - updated : 11-01-2015
HGNC name cytoglobin
HGNC id 16505
PROTEIN
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
STRUCTURE
motifs/domains
  • a hexacoordinated heme pocket similar to other pentacoordinated globin proteins
    • HOMOLOGY
    interspecies ortholog to zebrafish cygb
    ortholog to murine Cygb
    Homologene
    FAMILY vertebrate globin family
    CATEGORY tumor suppressor , transport
    SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION     intracellular
    intracellular,cytoplasm,organelle,mitochondria
    intracellular,cytoplasm,cytoskeleton,microtubule
    intracellular,nucleus
    text
  • found in cytoplasm, along neurotubuli, in mitochondria and in the nucleus
    • basic FUNCTION
  • facilitating oxygen transport
  • in neuronal cells might be specifically induced under oxidative stress to protect them from death
  • functions as a tumor suppressor gene
  • NGB and CYGB may serve a neuroprotective role as scavengers of reactive oxygen species
  • expressed in the vasculature and regulates cell respiration and proliferation via nitric oxide dioxygenation
  • may potentially have a functional role in calcium-dependent events accompanying cardiac remodeling
  • protective function during conditions of oxydative stress
  • role in nitric oxide signalling for CYGB and involvement in sleep-wake cycling for CYGB and NGB
  • plays an important role in protection of the kidney against fibrosis via the amelioration of oxidative stress
  • binding of ferric cytoglobin to lipids and their subsequent transformation may be integral to the physiological function of cytoglobin, generating cell signalling lipid molecules under an oxidative environment
  • serves as a defensive mechanism against oxidative stress
    • CELLULAR PROCESS
    PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS
    PATHWAY
    metabolism
    signaling
    a component
    INTERACTION
    DNA
    RNA
    small molecule metal binding,
    small heme binding O2+
    protein
  • CYGB suppressed key glucose metabolism factors including SLC2A1 and HK2 in TP53-dependent and -independent manners
    • cell & other
    REGULATION
    ASSOCIATED DISORDERS
    corresponding disease(s)
    Other morbid association(s)
    TypeGene ModificationChromosome rearrangementProtein expressionProtein Function
    tumoral        
    in oesophageal biopsies from tylotic patients (TOC)
    constitutional     --over  
    under hypoxic and/or ischemic conditions increases cell survival, suggesting possible protective roles through prevention of oxidative damage
    tumoral     --over  
    hypoxic up-regulation of CYGB/NGB in glioblastoma multiforme cell lines and tumor tissues
    tumoral     --low  
    in breast cancer tissues and cell lines, which was associated with promoter methylation
    Susceptibility
    Variant & Polymorphism
    Candidate gene
    Marker
    Therapy target
    SystemTypeDisorderPubmed
    neurosensorialvisualretina
    should be considered when developing therapeutic strategies for treatment of hypoxia-related ocular diseases
    cancerbrainglioma/neuroblstoma
    modulating cytoglobin levels may be a promising treatment strategy for sensitizing human glioma cells to oxidative stress that is induced by ionizing radiation, certain chemotherapies and ischemia-reperfusion.
    miscelleaneousurinarychronic kidney disease
    might represent a good therapeutic target in chronic kidney disease
    ANIMAL & CELL MODELS