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FLASH GENE

Symbol

CFD

contributors: mct - updated : 11/03/2024

HGNC name	complement factor D (adipsin)
HGNC id	2771

FLASH GENE DNA RNA EXPRESSION PROTEIN DISORDER ANIMAL & CELL MODELS

RNA

TRANSCRIPTS	type	messenger

identification nb exons type bp product Protein kDa AA specific expression Year Pubmed NM_001317335 5 - 1212 NP_001304264 - 260 - 2023 37744351 NM_001928 5 - 1191 NP_001919 - 253 - 2023 37744351

EXPRESSION

Type

widely

expressed in	(based on citations)
organ(s)	System Organ level 1 Organ level 2 Organ level 3 Organ level 4 Level Pubmed Species Stage Rna symbol Digestive liver

tissue

System Tissue Tissue level 1 Tissue level 2 Level Pubmed Species Stage Rna symbol Blood / Hematopoietic bone marrow       Connective adipose       Homo sapiens

cells

System Cell Pubmed Species Stage Rna symbol   adipocyte Homo sapiens Blood/Hematopoietic monocyte Digestive hepatocyte Lymphoid/Immune macrophage

cell lineage

cell lines

fluid/secretion

at STAGE

PROTEIN

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES

STRUCTURE

motifs/domains	a signal peptide from the 1st to the 23th aa
	a peptidase S1 domain

isoforms

Precursor

a mature form made of 227 aa with a 24.4kDa

HOMOLOGY

Homologene

FAMILY

peptidase S1 family

CATEGORY

enzyme , immunity/defense

SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION	extracellular
text	secreted protein

basic FUNCTION	cleaving complement factor B from activated C3 (C3bbb)
	regulates activation of the alternative complement pathway, which is implicated in age-related macular degeneration (AMD) pathogenesis
	adipokine adipsin has a beneficial role in maintaining pancreatic beta cell functionb
	is a protease produced at high levels by adipose tissue
	adipsin may be involved in pregnancy-associated metabolic changes
	promotes lipid accumulation and adipocyte differentiation
	serine protease that is secreted by adipocytes into the bloodstream
	is one of the adipokines secreted by adipose tissues which is involved in maintaining adipose tissue homeostasis and increasing insulin secretion in response to glucose
	promotes new adipocyte formation and affects skeletal remodeling in the bone marrow (BM)niche
	acting as the rate-limiting factor in the alternative complement pathway and exerting essential functions on the activation of complement system
	role on endothelial, smooth muscle and immune cells that mediate cardiovascular functions

CELLULAR PROCESS

protein, degradation

PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS

immunity/defense

text	anti-pathogen response

PATHWAY

metabolism

signaling

a component

INTERACTION

DNA

RNA

small molecule

protein

cell & other

REGULATION

ASSOCIATED DISORDERS

corresponding disease(s)

Other morbid association(s)

Type Gene Modification Chromosome rearrangement Protein expression Protein Function constitutional     --low   significantly decreased in patients with asymptomatic carotid atherosclerosis

Susceptibility

Variant & Polymorphism

Candidate gene
Marker	adipsin is a novel biomarker that predicts all-cause death and rehospitalization in patients with coronary artery disease
	is a biomarker in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
	could be a reliable diagnostic biomarker involved in the pathophysiology of Barraquer-Simons syndrome by promoting unrestrained local complement system activation in the adipose tissue environment
	is likely a novel plasma biomarker to monitor the increased risk of preeclampsia in early pregnancy
	role for Adipsin as a potential marker of asymptomatic carotid atherosclerosis
Therapy target
	System Type Disorder Pubmed cardiovascular atheroma   may be a potential therapeutic target against atherosclerosis

ANIMAL & CELL MODELS

	factor D-deficient mice had no apparent abnormality in development and their body weights were similar to those of factor D-sufficient littermates
	obese mice exhibited decreased levels of adipsin in adipose tissues and serum and increased ER stress markers in adipose tissues compared to lean mice