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FLASH GENE

Symbol

CCL15

contributors: mct/npt - updated : 28-04-2020

HGNC name	chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 15
HGNC id	10613

FLASH GENE DNA RNA EXPRESSION PROTEIN DISORDER ANIMAL & CELL MODELS

PROTEIN

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES

STRUCTURE

motifs/domains

HOMOLOGY

Homologene

FAMILY

intercrine beta (chemokine CC) family

CATEGORY

signaling cytokine

SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION	extracellular
	intracellular
	intracellular,cytoplasm,organelle,mitochondria

basic FUNCTION	inducing changes in intracellular calcium concentration in monocytes
	may be chemoattracting immune cells into the plaques, inducing proinflammatory cytokine and producing thrombi by induction of tissue factor expression
	exerts biological effects on a variety of cells, including monocytes (Shin 2005)
	functions as an essential factor in the migration of monocytes, lymphocytes, and neutrophils
	pivotal roles of CCL15 in the regulation of the movement and development of eosinophils
	role for constitutively expressed, epithelial-derived chemokines CCL14, CCL15 as antimicrobial peptides in the intestinal mucosa
	CCL15 is a recently described chemo-attractant for neutrophils, eosinophils, monocytes and lymphocytes
	potent chemoattractant for leukocytes and endothelial cells (ECs)
	CCL15 increased cell adhesion of human monocytes to ECs under static and shear-stress conditions
	functional role of the TRIM47-SMAD4-CCL15 axis in colorectal cancer (CRC) progression

CELLULAR PROCESS

cell migration & motility

PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS

PATHWAY

metabolism

signaling

signal transduction

a component

INTERACTION

DNA

RNA

small molecule

protein	CCR1, CCR3
	interacting with CREB3 (Jang 2007)
	CCL15 is a CC chemokine that binds to the CCR1 and CCR3

cell & other

REGULATION

inhibited by

NFKB (reducing chemotactic activity of CCL15)

Other	regulated by NF-kappaB (reported to be involved in the transcription of the CCL15 gene) (Shin 2005)
	regulated by AP-1 and NF-kappaB through MEK and JNK MAPK pathways in monocytoid cells (Shin 2005)

ASSOCIATED DISORDERS

corresponding disease(s)

Other morbid association(s)

Type Gene Modification Chromosome rearrangement Protein expression Protein Function tumoral     --over   in chronic renal failure (Richter 2006) constitutional     --over   in the lung tissue of Chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis (CHP)patients tumoral     --over   much stronger in Hepatocellular Carcinoma tumor tissues than in adjacent nontumor tissues

Susceptibility

to multiple sclerosis

Variant & Polymorphism SNP	increasing the risk of multiple sclerosis

Candidate gene
Marker	may be a useful prognostic biomarker for Chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis (CHP)
	measurement of tumor associated macrophages (TAMs) and CCL15 in follicular thyroid lesions may be applied clinically to differentiate follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC)from follicular adenoma (FA)
Therapy target
	System Type Disorder Pubmed cancer digestive liver blockade of CCL15-CCR1 axis in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) could be an effective anticancer therapy immunology inflammatory   CCR1 and CCL15 may be a potential target for treating inflammatory diseases involving upregulation of cell adhesion molecules allergy asthm   targeting the production of CCL15 by Airway smooth muscle cells (ASMC) might reduce the inflammatory response within the airways of asthmatic patients

ANIMAL & CELL MODELS