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FLASH GENE
Symbol SARM1 contributors: mct/pgu - updated : 28-01-2016
HGNC name sterile alpha and TIR motif containing 1
HGNC id 17074
Location 17q11      Physical location : 26.698.986 - 26.728.065
Synonym name
  • sterile alpha and HEAT/Armadillo motif protein,ortholog of Drosophila
    • Synonym symbol(s) KIAA0524, SARM, FLJ36296, SAMD2, MyD88-5
    DNA
    TYPE anonymous DNA segment
    SPECIAL FEATURE gene in gene, antisens
    text show a 0.4kb antisense transcript
    STRUCTURE 29.08 kb     9 Exon(s)
    10 Kb 5' upstream gene genomic sequence study
    regulatory sequence Promoter
    text structure a common promoter region with VTN, directing a high level of liver expression of both
    MAPPING cloned Y linked N status provisional
    Map cen - D17S783 - SARM1 - VTN - TNFAIP1 - MAC30 - KRT18L5 - HERVK - D17S841 - qter
    RNA
    TRANSCRIPTS type messenger
    identificationnb exonstypebpproduct
    ProteinkDaAAspecific expressionYearPubmed
    9 - 7001 76.7 724 - 2001 11386760
    - - 400 - - liver, kidney, brain 2001 11386760
    antisense transcript coordinately expressed with SARM in kidney, liver and independently in brain
    EXPRESSION
    Type restricted
       expressed in (based on citations)
    organ(s)
    SystemOrgan level 1Organ level 2Organ level 3Organ level 4LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
    Digestiveliver   highly
    Nervousbrain    
    Urinarykidney    
    cell lineage
    cell lines
    fluid/secretion
    at STAGE
    physiological period pregnancy
    Text placenta
    PROTEIN
    PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    STRUCTURE
    motifs/domains
  • N-terminal and sterile alpha motif domains important in the autoregulation of SARM1 activity
  • HEAT/Armadillo motifs
  • TIR domain (Toll interleukin 1 receptor)
    • HOMOLOGY
    interspecies ortholog to Drosophila sarm
    homolog to C.elegans SARM
    Homologene
    FAMILY
  • fifth member of the Toll-like receptor (TLR) adaptor family
  • MyD88 (myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88) family
    • CATEGORY regulatory
    SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION     plasma membrane
        intracellular
    intracellular,cytoplasm
    basic FUNCTION
  • probable mucin protein may be involved in protein-protein interactions promoting the formation of diverse protein complexes
  • negative regulator of Toll-like receptor signaling
  • negative regulator of TICAM1-dependent Toll-like receptor signaling
  • function as a specific inhibitor of TRIF-dependent TLR signaling
  • downregulates NF-kappaB and IRF3-mediated TLR3 and TLR4 signaling
  • negative regulator of Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) in innate immunity signaling
  • required for proper initiation and elongation of dendrites, axonal outgrowth, and neuronal polarization
  • SARM1 is a member of an ancient axon death signaling pathway
  • may be potentially broadly required to promote Wallerian degeneration in the nervous system
  • regulates the innate immune responses of the central nervous system through regulating the inflammatory and anti-virus cytokines produced by neurons
    • CELLULAR PROCESS
    PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS
    PATHWAY
    metabolism
    signaling
    a component
    INTERACTION
    DNA
    RNA
    small molecule
    protein
  • interacting with RS1 (interaction may be part of a novel SARM1-mediated cell signaling pathway required for the maintenance of retinal cell organization and photoreceptor-bipolar synaptic structure)
  • negative regulator of the TICAM1-dependent pathway via its interaction with TICAM1
  • inhibits both TICAM1- and MYD88-mediated AP-1 activation
  • interacts with and receives signal from SDC2 and controls dendritic arborization through the MKK4-JNK pathway
  • is a negative regulator of Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) in innate immunity signaling
  • association of PINK1 with SARM1 and TRAF6 is an important step for mitophagy
  • absence of SARM1 rescues development and survival of NMNAT2-deficient axons
  • SARM1, mediates TLR7/TLR9-induced apoptosis in neurons
    • cell & other
    REGULATION
    ASSOCIATED DISORDERS
    corresponding disease(s)
    Other morbid association(s)
    TypeGene ModificationChromosome rearrangementProtein expressionProtein Function
    constitutional       loss of function
    exacerbates the progression of prion pathogenesis, by up-regulating XAF1, which promotes neuronal apoptosis, and accelerates prion disease
    Susceptibility
    Variant & Polymorphism
    Candidate gene
    Marker
    Therapy target
    SystemTypeDisorderPubmed
    neurology  
    pharmacological inhibition of SARM1 may represent a promising therapeutic avenue for patients with axonal loss
    ANIMAL & CELL MODELS
    Sarm1-deficient mice may uncover unexpected similarities between the ways in which neurons and immune cells sense and respond to danger