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FLASH GENE
Symbol TXNRD2 contributors: mct - updated : 19-10-2022
HGNC name thioredoxin reductase 2
HGNC id 18155
Corresponding disease
CMD1LL cardiomyopathy, dilated, 1LL
GCCD5 glucocorticoid deficiency 5
Location 22q11.21      Physical location : 19.863.039 - 19.929.359
Synonym name
  • thioredexin reductase beta
  • selenoprotein Z
    • Synonym symbol(s) TRXR2, TR, TR3, SELZ, TR-BETA, GCCD5
    EC.number 1.8.1.9
    DNA
    TYPE functioning gene
    STRUCTURE 66.29 kb     18 Exon(s)
    10 Kb 5' upstream gene genomic sequence study
    MAPPING cloned Y linked N status provisional
    RNA
    TRANSCRIPTS type messenger
    identificationnb exonstypebpproduct
    ProteinkDaAAspecific expressionYearPubmed
    17 - 3170 - 53 - 2006 16774913
    precursor, containing a mitochondrial leader peptide, and is located in the mitochondria
    18 - 2020 - 428 - 2006 16774913
    shorter isoform lacking the mitochondrial leader peptide
    18 - 2020 - 494 - 2006 16774913
    shorter isoform lacking the mitochondrial leader peptide (distinct to isoform 2)
    18 - 1941 - 524 - 2006 16774913
    12 - 2232 - 306 - 2006 16774913
    12 - 2257 - 338 - 2006 16774913
    EXPRESSION
    Type ubiquitous
       expressed in (based on citations)
    organ(s)
    SystemOrgan level 1Organ level 2Organ level 3Organ level 4LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
    Cardiovascularheart     Homo sapiens
    Digestiveintestinesmall intestine   
    Reproductivefemale systemuterus   
     male systemtestis   
    Urinarykidney     Homo sapiens
    tissue
    SystemTissueTissue level 1Tissue level 2LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
    Muscularstriatum    Homo sapiens
    cell lineage
    cell lines
    fluid/secretion
    at STAGE
    physiological period pregnancy
    Text placenta
    PROTEIN
    PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    STRUCTURE
    motifs/domains
  • a mitochondrial leading sequence (MLS)
  • selenocysteine residue at the C terminus, conserved active site CVNVGC, and the FAD-binding and NADPH binding domain
    • mono polymer homomer , dimer
    isoforms Precursor
    HOMOLOGY
    intraspecies homolog to TRXR1
    Homologene
    FAMILY family of pyridine nucleotide-disulfide oxidoreductases
    CATEGORY enzyme
    SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION     intracellular
    intracellular,cytoplasm,organelle,mitochondria,matrix
    intracellular,cytoplasm,cytosolic
    basic FUNCTION
  • thioredoxin reductase activity
  • participates in the regulation of protein tyrosine phosphorylation and cell growth
  • play essential roles in cell survival and mitochondria-mediated apoptosis
  • TXNRD2 plays a vitally important role in balancing mitochondrial ROS production in the endothelium.
  • overexpression of mitochondrial TXNRD2 in Drosophila melanogaster extended median (but not maximum) lifespan in female flies with a small lifespan extension in males
  • selenium-dependent oxidoreductases TXNRD1 and TXNRD2 should be considered as key components of signaling pathways that control cell differentiation and cellular stress responses
    • CELLULAR PROCESS cell cycle, progression
    cell life, proliferation/growth
    PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS
    PATHWAY
    metabolism
    signaling
    a component
    INTERACTION
    DNA
    RNA
    small molecule
    protein
  • GPX2, TXNRD2 and TXNRD3 are regulated by WNT signalling in the intestinal epithelium
    • cell & other
    REGULATION
    ASSOCIATED DISORDERS
    corresponding disease(s) CMD1LL , GCCD5
    Other morbid association(s)
    TypeGene ModificationChromosome rearrangementProtein expressionProtein Function
    constitutional germinal mutation      
    in in dilated cardiomyopathy
    Susceptibility
    Variant & Polymorphism
    Candidate gene
    Marker
    Therapy target
    ANIMAL & CELL MODELS
  • cardiac-specific deletion of Txnrd2 in mice results in dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM)