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FLASH GENE
Symbol FCGRT contributors: mct - updated : 07-02-2018
HGNC name Fc fragment of IgG, receptor, transporter, alpha
HGNC id 3621
RNA
TRANSCRIPTS type messenger
identificationnb exonstypebpproduct
ProteinkDaAAspecific expressionYearPubmed
7 - 1893 - 365 - 2017 28637874
6 - 1629 - 365 - 2017 28637874
EXPRESSION
Type ubiquitous
   expressed in (based on citations)
organ(s)
SystemOrgan level 1Organ level 2Organ level 3Organ level 4LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
Reproductivefemale systemovary  highly
Respiratorynose     Homo sapiens
Urinarykidneytubuleconvoluted tubuleproximal tubulehighly Homo sapiens
Visualeyeretina  highly Homo sapiens
 eyeuveaciliary body   Homo sapiens
 eyeuveachoroid   Homo sapiens
tissue
SystemTissueTissue level 1Tissue level 2LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
Blood / hematopoieticbone marrow   
Connectiveadipose   
cells
SystemCellPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
Cardiovascularendothelial cell
Respiratoryepithelial cell Homo sapiens
Skin/Tegumentkeratinocyte
Urinarypodocyte Homo sapiens
cell lineage
cell lines
fluid/secretion
at STAGE
physiological period neonatal, pregnancy
Text placenta, syncyciotrophoblast, capillary endothelium and other tissues
PROTEIN
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
STRUCTURE
motifs/domains
  • signal peptide,
  • three extracellular domains
  • transmembrane and cytoplasmic region
  • conjugated GlycoP
    HOMOLOGY
    interspecies ortholog to murine Fcgrt
    homolog to rattus Fcgrt
    homolog to C.elegans B0361.7
    Homologene
    FAMILY
  • MHC,class 1 family
  • immunoglobulin superfamily
  • CATEGORY immunity/defense , receptor membrane
    SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION     plasma membrane
    text type I membrane protein
    basic FUNCTION
  • mediating the uptake of IgG from milk
  • involved in the transport of maternal IgG to the fetus, and protection of circulating IgG from catabolism
  • expressed in podocytes and functions to internalize IgG from the glomerular basement membrane (GBM)
  • major histocompatibility complex class I-related molecule that regulates the half-life of IgG and albumin
  • FCGRT expression has a different effect on Ag processing and presentation of immune-complex to CD4(+) T cells in the endosomal versus phagosomal compartments of macrophages (Ms) versus dendritic cells
  • IgG is transcytosed across intestinal epithelial cells of suckling mammals by the neonatal Fc receptor FCGRT
  • prevents IgG degradation by efficiently sorting IgG into recycling endosomes and away from lysosomes
  • physical properties of the lumenal ligand-receptor complex appear to act as key determinants for sorting between the recycling and lysosomal pathways by regulating FGRT entry into recycling tubules
  • plays a critical role in the homeostasis and degradation of immunoglobulin G (IgG)
  • has the potential to interact with IgG-Fc domains in the ciliary epithelium and retinal and choroidal vasculature
  • possible involvement of promoter binding transcription factors (TFs) in the regulation of the human FCGRT gene expression
  • role of FCGRT in IgG transcytosis in the nasal epithelium
  • serum albumin is the most abundant plasma protein and has a long half-life due to neonatal FCGRT-mediated transcytosis by many cell types, including proximal tubule cells of the kidney
  • may be associated with the transport and metabolism of IgG in thyrocytes and this transport is independent of IgG type
  • may be involved in Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) pathogenesis
  • CELLULAR PROCESS
    PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS
    PATHWAY
    metabolism
    signaling
    a component heavy chain 48kDa and beta 2 microglobulin 12kDa
    INTERACTION
    DNA
    RNA
    small molecule
    protein
  • binding to the Fc region of IgG
  • renal FCGRT reclaims ALB, thereby maintaining the serum concentration of albumin, but facilitates the loss of IgG from plasma protein pools
  • like IgG, albumin has long serum half-life, protected from degradation by pH-dependent recycling mediated by interaction with FCGRT
  • extending serum half-life of ALB by engineering neonatal Fc receptor (FCGRT) binding
  • FCGRT protects albumin from intracellular degradation via a pH-dependent cellular recycling mechanism
  • cellular ALB internalization was proportional to FGRT expression and albumin-binding affinity
  • FCGRT-dependent endosomal cellular-sorting pathway has great importance in describing fundamental mechanisms of intracellular ALB recycling
  • cell & other
    REGULATION
    ASSOCIATED DISORDERS
    ANIMAL & CELL MODELS