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FLASH GENE

Symbol

FCGRT

contributors: mct - updated : 07-02-2018

HGNC name	Fc fragment of IgG, receptor, transporter, alpha
HGNC id	3621

FLASH GENE DNA RNA EXPRESSION PROTEIN DISORDER ANIMAL & CELL MODELS

Location	19q13.33      Physical location : 50.015.535 - 50.029.685
Synonym name	human FcRn heavy chain, MHC, class I-like FC receptor
	neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) for IgG
	major histocompatibility complex class I-like Fc receptor
	neonatal Fc-receptor for Ig
Synonym symbol(s)	FCRN

DNA

TYPE	functioning gene
STRUCTURE	14.25 kb     3 Exon(s)

10 Kb 5' upstream gene genomic sequence study

regulatory sequence	Promoter
	Binding site   transcription factor
text structure	binding motifs in the FCGRT promoter were able to specifically interact with their corresponding (Sp1, Sp2, Sp3, c-Fos, c-Jun, YY1, and C/EBPbeta or C/EBPdelta) transcription factors (TFs)

MAPPING

cloned

Y

linked

N

status

provisional

RNA

TRANSCRIPTS	type	messenger

identification nb exons type bp product Protein kDa AA specific expression Year Pubmed NM_001136019 7 - 1893 NP_001129491 - 365 - 2017 28637874 NM_004107 6 - 1629 NP_004098 - 365 - 2017 28637874

EXPRESSION

Type	ubiquitous

expressed in	(based on citations)
organ(s)	System Organ level 1 Organ level 2 Organ level 3 Organ level 4 Level Pubmed Species Stage Rna symbol Reproductive female system ovary     highly Respiratory nose         Homo sapiens Urinary kidney tubule convoluted tubule proximal tubule highly Homo sapiens Visual eye retina     highly Homo sapiens   eye uvea ciliary body     Homo sapiens   eye uvea choroid     Homo sapiens

tissue

System Tissue Tissue level 1 Tissue level 2 Level Pubmed Species Stage Rna symbol Blood / hematopoietic bone marrow       Connective adipose

cells

System Cell Pubmed Species Stage Rna symbol Cardiovascular endothelial cell Respiratory epithelial cell Homo sapiens Skin/Tegument keratinocyte Urinary podocyte Homo sapiens

cell lineage

cell lines

fluid/secretion

at STAGE

physiological period

neonatal, pregnancy

Text	placenta, syncyciotrophoblast, capillary endothelium and other tissues

PROTEIN

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES

STRUCTURE

motifs/domains	signal peptide,
	three extracellular domains
	transmembrane and cytoplasmic region

conjugated

GlycoP

HOMOLOGY

interspecies	ortholog to murine Fcgrt
	homolog to rattus Fcgrt
	homolog to C.elegans B0361.7

Homologene

FAMILY	MHC,class 1 family
	immunoglobulin superfamily

CATEGORY

immunity/defense , receptor membrane

SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION	plasma membrane
text	type I membrane protein

basic FUNCTION	mediating the uptake of IgG from milk
	involved in the transport of maternal IgG to the fetus, and protection of circulating IgG from catabolism
	expressed in podocytes and functions to internalize IgG from the glomerular basement membrane (GBM)
	major histocompatibility complex class I-related molecule that regulates the half-life of IgG and albumin
	FCGRT expression has a different effect on Ag processing and presentation of immune-complex to CD4(+) T cells in the endosomal versus phagosomal compartments of macrophages (Ms) versus dendritic cells
	IgG is transcytosed across intestinal epithelial cells of suckling mammals by the neonatal Fc receptor FCGRT
	prevents IgG degradation by efficiently sorting IgG into recycling endosomes and away from lysosomes
	physical properties of the lumenal ligand-receptor complex appear to act as key determinants for sorting between the recycling and lysosomal pathways by regulating FGRT entry into recycling tubules
	plays a critical role in the homeostasis and degradation of immunoglobulin G (IgG)
	has the potential to interact with IgG-Fc domains in the ciliary epithelium and retinal and choroidal vasculature
	possible involvement of promoter binding transcription factors (TFs) in the regulation of the human FCGRT gene expression
	role of FCGRT in IgG transcytosis in the nasal epithelium
	serum albumin is the most abundant plasma protein and has a long half-life due to neonatal FCGRT-mediated transcytosis by many cell types, including proximal tubule cells of the kidney
	may be associated with the transport and metabolism of IgG in thyrocytes and this transport is independent of IgG type
	may be involved in Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) pathogenesis

CELLULAR PROCESS

PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS

PATHWAY

metabolism

signaling

a component

heavy chain 48kDa and beta 2 microglobulin 12kDa

INTERACTION

DNA

RNA

small molecule

protein	binding to the Fc region of IgG
	renal FCGRT reclaims ALB, thereby maintaining the serum concentration of albumin, but facilitates the loss of IgG from plasma protein pools
	like IgG, albumin has long serum half-life, protected from degradation by pH-dependent recycling mediated by interaction with FCGRT
	extending serum half-life of ALB by engineering neonatal Fc receptor (FCGRT) binding
	FCGRT protects albumin from intracellular degradation via a pH-dependent cellular recycling mechanism
	cellular ALB internalization was proportional to FGRT expression and albumin-binding affinity
	FCGRT-dependent endosomal cellular-sorting pathway has great importance in describing fundamental mechanisms of intracellular ALB recycling

cell & other

REGULATION

ASSOCIATED DISORDERS

ANIMAL & CELL MODELS