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FLASH GENE
Symbol TXNRD1 contributors: mct - updated : 19-10-2022
HGNC name thioredoxin reductase 1
HGNC id 12437
PROTEIN
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
STRUCTURE
motifs/domains
  • a NADPH-binding domain
  • a FAD-binding domain
  • mono polymer homomer , dimer
    HOMOLOGY
    interspecies homolog to rattus Txnrd1 (90.78 pc)
    homolog to murine Txnrd1 (91.58 pc)
    Homologene
    FAMILY pyridine nucleotide-disulfide oxidoreductase class-1 family
    CATEGORY enzyme , signaling
    SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION extracellular
        intracellular
    intracellular,cytoplasm,organelle,mitochondria
    intracellular,cytoplasm,cytosolic
    intracellular,nucleus,nucleoplasm
    basic FUNCTION
  • key enzyme in the regulation of the intracellular redox environment
  • mitochondrial TXNRD3 is much less dependent upon the use of selenocysteine (Sec) for the reduction of small molecules, as TXNRD1
  • role of TXNRD1 gene in modulating physical decline at extreme ages, further supporting the investigation of thioredoxin pathway in relation to the quality of human aging.
  • suppresses anabolic metabolism and adipogenesis by inhibition of intracellular signaling pathways downstream of insulin stimulation
  • is an essential selenium-containing enzyme involved in detoxification of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and redox signaling
  • overexpression of the cytosolic form, TXNRD1, did not produce a lifespan extension in males flies
  • selenium-dependent oxidoreductases TXNRD1 and TXNRD2 should be considered as key components of signaling pathways that control cell differentiation and cellular stress responses
  • is a key regulator involved in the ferroptosis of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) cells induced by cysteine depletion
  • TXNRD1 is an essential component of the thioredoxin system, a major disulfide reducing system that modulates multiple cellular processes such as antioxidant response, apoptosis, and cell proliferation
  • CELLULAR PROCESS
    PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS
    PATHWAY
    metabolism
    signaling signal transduction
    a component
    INTERACTION
    DNA
    RNA
    small molecule cofactor,
  • FAD
  • NADP
  • protein
    cell & other
    REGULATION
    repressed by estradiol
    ASSOCIATED DISORDERS
    corresponding disease(s)
    Other morbid association(s)
    TypeGene ModificationChromosome rearrangementProtein expressionProtein Function
    constitutional     --low  
    may be one putative cause for glucocorticoid resistance in alopecia areata, through the impact on intracellular redox system
    tumoral     --over  
    in HCC tissues and cells, and tumor with significantly shorter survival time
    constitutional germinal mutation      
    in generalized epilepsy
    Susceptibility
    Variant & Polymorphism
    Candidate gene
    Marker
  • biomarker for the prognosis of patients with HCC
  • Therapy target
    SystemTypeDisorderPubmed
    cancerhemopathy 
    cysteine depletion serves as a potential therapeutic strategy for overcoming chemotherapy resistance chronic myeloid leukemia (CML)
    ANIMAL & CELL MODELS