Selected-GenAtlas references SOURCE GeneCards NCBI Gene Swiss-Prot Orphanet Ensembl
HGNC UniGene Nucleotide OMIM UCSC
Home Page
FLASH GENE
Symbol KARS contributors: mct/npt - updated : 16-09-2013
HGNC name lysyl-tRNA synthetase
HGNC id 6215
PROTEIN
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
STRUCTURE
motifs/domains
  • a PDZ binding motif at its C-terminus (motif important for the interaction of the entire complex with syntenin-1)
    • mono polymer homomer , dimer , tetramer
    HOMOLOGY
    Homologene
    FAMILY
  • class-II aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family
    • CATEGORY enzyme
    SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION extracellular
        plasma membrane
        intracellular
    intracellular,cytoplasm,organelle,mitochondria,matrix
    intracellular,cytoplasm,cytosolic
    intracellular,cytoplasm,cytoskeleton,microtubule
    intracellular,nucleus
    text dual cytosolic and mitochondrial localization (Kawamata 2008)
    basic FUNCTION
  • having aspartate-tRNA ligase activity
  • enzyme required for protein translation, interacting with mutant SOD1 (SOD1 interacts preferentially with the mitochondrial form of KARS) (Kawamata 2008)
  • involved in tRNA packaging
  • catalyzes the aminoacylation of tRNALys in the cytoplasm and mitochondria via a two-step aminoacylation reaction
  • cleavage of the precursor of mitochondrial KARS leads to a mature enzyme with reduced tRNA binding properties compared to those of the cytoplasmic counterpart
  • unique function in the control of cell migration and its pathological implication in metastasis
  • a single conformational change triggered by phosphorylation leads to multiple effects driving an exclusive switch of KARS function from translation to transcription
  • presence within inner-ear structures that are involved in mechanotransduction provides further evidence of a role for KARS in hearing
    • CELLULAR PROCESS
    PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS
    PATHWAY
    metabolism
    signaling
    a component
    INTERACTION
    DNA
    RNA
    small molecule
    protein
  • direct interaction of SDCBP with lysyl-tRNA synthetase (KARS), which contains a PDZ binding motif at its C-terminus (Meerschaert 2008)
  • interaction with HIV-1 Gag (residues important for homodimerization of Gag and KARS are critical for the Gag/LysRS interaction) (Kovaleski 2006)
  • bound to the multi-tRNA synthetase complex (MSC) that maintains and regulates the aminoacylation and nuclear functions of KARS
    • cell & other
  • target of autoantibodies in autoimmune diseases, polymyositis or dermatomyositis
    • REGULATION
    ASSOCIATED DISORDERS
    corresponding disease(s) DICMT4 , DFNB89
    Susceptibility
    Variant & Polymorphism
    Candidate gene target of autoantibodies in the autoimmune disease polymyositis/dermatomyositis
    Marker
    Therapy target
    ANIMAL & CELL MODELS