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FLASH GENE

Symbol

NRAS

contributors: mct - updated : 06-05-2016

HGNC name	neuroblastoma RAS viral (v-ras) oncogene homolog
HGNC id	7989

FLASH GENE DNA RNA EXPRESSION PROTEIN DISORDER ANIMAL & CELL MODELS

RNA

TRANSCRIPTS	type	messenger

identification nb exons type bp product Protein kDa AA specific expression Year Pubmed NM_002524 7 splicing 4461 NP_002515 - 189 - Taparowsky (1983) variant 2 - splicing 4300 isoform 2 - - - Taparowsky (1983)

EXPRESSION

Type	ubiquitous

expressed in	(based on citations)
organ(s)	System Organ level 1 Organ level 2 Organ level 3 Organ level 4 Level Pubmed Species Stage Rna symbol Cardiovascular heart       highly Lymphoid/Immune lymph node       highly Skin/Tegument skin       highly Urinary bladder       highly

cell lineage

cell lines

fluid/secretion

at STAGE

PROTEIN

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES

STRUCTURE

motifs/domains

GTP-GDP binding sites

conjugated

LipoP , PhosphoP

HOMOLOGY

interspecies	homolog to murine Nras (99.5pc)
	homolog to rattus Nras (99.5pc)

intraspecies

homolog to neuroblastoma Ras viral (v-ras) oncogene

Homologene

FAMILY	GTPase superfamily
	RAS gene family (C-Hras1 and C-Hras2)

CATEGORY

protooncogene

SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION	plasma membrane
	intracellular
	intracellular,cytoplasm,organelle,mitochondria,inner
	intracellular,cytoplasm,organelle,mitochondria,outer
	intracellular,cytoplasm,organelle,Golgi
text	attached to the membrane by a lipid anchor, at internal side of plasma membrane
	associated with both the outer membrane and inner mitochondrial compartments
	membrane protein that shuttles between the golgi apparatus and the plasma membrane, shutlling regulated through palmitoylation and depalmitoylation (Rocks 2005)

basic FUNCTION	possessing intrinsic GTPase activity
	has an immune regulatory function and its absence or gain-of-function affects primarily hematopoietic cells
	having a farnesylation independent function and within the inner mitochondrial compartment being an essential component of the retrograde signaling system between the mitochondria and nucleus
	tumor type–specific mutation spectrum of Ras genesis dictated by their regulation of expression and that the altered Ras proteins that can be palmitoylated act as particularly potent oncoproteins

CELLULAR PROCESS

PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS

PATHWAY

metabolism

signaling

signal transduction

a component

INTERACTION

DNA

RNA

small molecule	nucleotide,
	GTP binding

protein	CHMP6 and VPS4A bound to NRAS but not KRAS
	DDX43 may promote NRAS protein expression by unwinding and stabilizing NRAS mRNA, therefore enhancing its translation
	LZTR1 facilitates polyubiquitination and degradation of RAS-GTPases MRAS, HRAS, NRAS, and KRAS

cell & other

REGULATION

activated by

a GTPase activating protein

inhibited by

a guanine nucleotide-exchange factor

ASSOCIATED DISORDERS

corresponding disease(s)

NS6

Other morbid association(s)

Type Gene Modification Chromosome rearrangement Protein expression Protein Function tumoral somatic mutation       in multiple myeloma, in primary plasma cell leukemia at an early stage, and in thyroid cancer with poor prognosis tumoral germinal mutation     gain of function in autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome tumoral somatic mutation       in high hyperdiploid childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia tumoral somatic mutation       in hepatocellular carcinoma tumoral somatic mutation       in primary melanocytic tumours of the CNS, GNA11 and NRAS mutations represent a mechanism of MAPK pathway activation alternative to the common GNAQ mutations( :

Susceptibility

Variant & Polymorphism

Candidate gene

Marker

Therapy target

ANIMAL & CELL MODELS

effect of Nras loss on tumor development in Rb1 heterozygous mice, the loss of the protooncogene Nras in certain cellular contexts can promote malignant tumor progression (Takahashi 2006)