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FLASH GENE
Symbol APOA4 contributors: mct - updated : 17-02-2017
HGNC name apolipoprotein A-IV
HGNC id 602
PROTEIN
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
STRUCTURE
motifs/domains
  • central domain that adopts an elongated helical structure dimerizing via two long reciprocating helices, and a striking feature is the alignment of conserved proline residues across the dimer interface
    • HOMOLOGY
    Homologene
    FAMILY
    CATEGORY regulatory , transport carrier
    SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION extracellular
        intracellular
    intracellular,cytoplasm,organelle,endosome
    intracellular,cytoplasm,cytosolic
    text
  • chylomicron
    • basic FUNCTION
  • involved in the catabolism of chylomicrons and VLDL
  • produced by neuronal cells, may exert its anorectic action by interacting with catabolic regulatory neuropeptides
  • regulates chylomicron metabolism-mechanism and function
  • secreted by the small intestine in response to fat absorption
  • APOA4 modulates diurnal changes in lipid absorption by regulating forkhead transcription factors and MTTP and inhibition of APOA4 expression might reduce plasma lipids
  • lipid emulsifying protein linked to a range of protective roles in obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease
    • CELLULAR PROCESS
    PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS
    text
  • lipid transport
    • PATHWAY
    metabolism lipid/lipoprotein
    signaling
    a component
    INTERACTION
    DNA
    RNA
    small molecule
    protein
  • APOA4 is a true target gene of CREB3 in bone marrow-derived DCs (BMDCs)
  • reduces hepatic gluconeogenesis through nuclear receptor NR1D1
  • CREB3L3 directly controls APOA4 expression through two tandem CREBH binding sites (5'-CCACGTTG-3') located on the promoter, which are conserved
  • NR1D1, is a cofactor in APOA4-mediated downregulation of gluconeogenesis, and APOA4-induced increase in NR4A1 expression in hepatocytes mediates further repression of gluconeogenesis
    • cell & other
    REGULATION
    Other APOA4 is regulated directly by PPARA via the -2979/-2967 PPAR response element (PPRE)
    ASSOCIATED DISORDERS
    corresponding disease(s)
    Other morbid association(s)
    TypeGene ModificationChromosome rearrangementProtein expressionProtein Function
    constitutional     --over  
    in follicular fluid from Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients compared with those from normal controls
    Susceptibility to low HDL-cholesterol
    Variant & Polymorphism
    Candidate gene
    Marker
  • association of APOA4 with disease activity in patients with Crohn disease
    • Therapy target
    SystemTypeDisorderPubmed
    diabetetype 1 
    APOA4 may provide a therapeutic target for the regulation of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and treatment of diabetes
    neurologyneurodegenerativealzheimer
    enhancing levels of APOA4 may have therapeutic potential in AD treatment
    ANIMAL & CELL MODELS
  • the expressions of Apoa4-AS and Apoa4 are both abnormally elevated in the liver of ob/ob mice and patients with fatty liver disease