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FLASH GENE

Symbol

ANG

contributors: mct/shn - updated : 08-09-2011

HGNC name	angiogenin, ribonuclease, RNase A family, 5
HGNC id	483

FLASH GENE DNA RNA EXPRESSION PROTEIN DISORDER ANIMAL & CELL MODELS

RNA

TRANSCRIPTS	type	messenger

identification nb exons type bp product Protein kDa AA specific expression Year Pubmed NM_001145 2 - 1222 NP_001136 14 147 - Yamasaki (2009) NM_001097577 2 - 742 NP_001091046 14 147 - Yamasaki (2009) variant 2 differs in the 5'UTR as compared to variant 1 encoding the same isoform

EXPRESSION

Type	ubiquitous

expressed in	(based on citations)
organ(s)	System Organ level 1 Organ level 2 Organ level 3 Organ level 4 Level Pubmed Species Stage Rna symbol Digestive liver       predominantly Lymphoid/Immune thymus       highly Nervous brain       moderately Reproductive male system prostate     moderately Respiratory lung       moderately Skin/Tegument skin scalp     highly

tissue

System Tissue Tissue level 1 Tissue level 2 Level Pubmed Species Stage Rna symbol Connective interstitial dermis

cells

System Cell Pubmed Species Stage Rna symbol Skin/Tegument hair follicle cell

cell lineage
cell lines	SH-SY5Y and M17
fluid/secretion

at STAGE

physiological period

fetal

Text	low expressed in developing fetus
	highly in developing nervous system and during the neuronal differentiation of pluripotent stem cells

PROTEIN

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES

STRUCTURE

motifs/domains	eight cysteine and histidine and lysine residues
	nucleolar targeting signal

isoforms

Precursor

a signal peptide of 24 AA cleaved to form the mature protein

HOMOLOGY

Homologene

FAMILY

pancreatic ribonuclease RNase A family

CATEGORY

enzyme , RNA associated

SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION	extracellular
	intracellular
	intracellular,nucleus,nucleolus

basic FUNCTION	promoting the endothelial invasiveness necessary for blood vessel formation
	required for cell proliferation induced by other angiogenic proteins such as VEGF
	secreted ribonuclease required for stress-induced production of tiRNAs (stress-induced small RNAs) (Yamasaki 2009)
	playing an important role in neurite extension/pathfinding and survival
	angiogenic factor that induces neovascularization (Crabtree 2007)
	contribute to hair growth directly, by stimulating dermal papilla cells and keratinocytes to proliferate, or indirectly, by inducing local vascularization (Zhou 2009)
	inducing nitric oxide synthesis in endothelial cells (Trouillon 2010)

CELLULAR PROCESS

PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS

facilitated diffusion transport

PATHWAY

metabolism

signaling

a component

angiogenin and tiRNAs are components of a phospho-eIF2alpha-independent stress response program (Yamasaki 2009)

INTERACTION

DNA

RNA

small molecule

protein	binding FST
	FHL3 is a novel ANG binding partner (this interaction may provide some clues to the mechanisms of ANG-regulated cell growth and apoptosis)

cell & other

REGULATION

ASSOCIATED DISORDERS

corresponding disease(s)

ALS9

Other morbid association(s)

Type Gene Modification Chromosome rearrangement Protein expression Protein Function constitutional     --over   in chronic heart failure (positively associated with age, plasma glucose, insulin, and BNP and negatively correlated with diastolic blood pressure and left ventricular ejection fraction) (Patel 2008)

Susceptibility

to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Variant & Polymorphism other	mutation loss of function in ALS

Candidate gene	for ALS
Marker
Therapy target	protects against dopaminergic neuronal cell death and suggests its potential as a therapy for Parkinson's disease (

ANIMAL & CELL MODELS

angiogenin-1 protein is dramatically reduced in this transgenic alpha-synuclein mouse model of Parkinson's disease (