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FLASH GENE
Symbol CDH23 contributors: mct/pgu - updated : 07-06-2017
HGNC name cadherin related 23
HGNC id 13733
PROTEIN
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
STRUCTURE
motifs/domains
  • N terminus contains polar amino acids that bind Ca2+ (Elledge 2010)
  • 27 extracellular cadherin repeats containing a C terminal calcium binding motif
  • a single transmembrane segment
  • a unique cytoplasmic tail, predicted signal peptide with two putative binding sites for PDZ domains
    • HOMOLOGY
    interspecies homolog to Drosophila FAT gene
    homolog to murine Cdh23
    Homologene
    FAMILY
  • cadherin superfamily of calcium dependent cell-cell adhesion glycoproteins
    • CATEGORY adhesion
    SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION     plasma membrane
    text transmembrane protein localized near the tips of hair cell stereocilia
    basic FUNCTION
  • playing a role in the maintenance of hair bundles during development, also maintenance of the organization of the stereocilia bundles and in adult hair cells to form kinocilia links and tip links
  • may be regulating photoreceptors development or function
  • CDH23, PCDH15 and ADGRV1 have been implicated in the development of cochlear hair cell stereocilia, while CLRN1 has been suggested to also play a role in synaptogenesis
  • the role played by CDH23 in retinal function is likely performed by either a different gene or an unidentified CDH23 splice variant in the retina
  • USH1G, MYO7A, USH1C, CDH23, PCDH15 form an adhesion belt around the basolateral region of the photoreceptor outer segment, and defects in this structure cause the retinal degeneration in USH1 patients
  • because the USH1G and CDH23 proteins form a complex in the stereocilia, the interaction between these proteins may play key roles in the maintenance of stereocilia and the prevention of early-onset progressive hearing loss (PHL)
  • is an adhesive protein important for hearing and vision
  • reported to play a role in tumor progression through regulating cell-cell adhesion
    • CELLULAR PROCESS
    PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS
    PATHWAY
    metabolism
    signaling sensory transduction/hearing , sensory transduction/vision
    a component
  • complexing with USH1C and MYO1C (to regulate the activity of mechanically gated ion channels in hair cells
  • with harmonin (USH1C) and myosin VIIa can form a ternary complex, which suggests that myosin VIIa applies tension forces on hair bundle links
  • polymeric CDH23/USH1C complex formed beneath the upper tip link membranes may serve as part of the stable rootlet structure for anchoring the tip links of stereocilia
    • INTERACTION
    DNA
    RNA
    small molecule metal binding,
  • ion Ca2+
    • protein
  • homophilic, calcium dependent, cell cell interactions
  • interacting by its C terminus with the cytoskeleton via beta-catenin
  • interacts via an internal PDZ-binding site with the PDZ1 domain of the stereociliary protein harmonin, and potentially via a weaker binding of its C terminus with harmonin PDZ2 domain
  • EHD4 is a novel CDH23-interacting protein that could regulate CDH23 trafficking/localization in a calcium-sensitive manner)
  • interacting with USH1C (to connect stereocilia into a bundle)
  • interact in trans with PCDH15 homodimers to form a filament with structural similarity to tip links, in sensory hair cells
  • CDH23 and PCDH15 interact to form tip links, which gate mechanotransduction channels in hair cells of the inner ear
  • directly binds to the tail of myosin VIIa (MYO7A)
  • with harmonin and myosin VIIa bind to phosphorylated forms of phosphatidylinositol including phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate
  • CNGA3 interacts with stereocilia tip-link CDH23 + exon 68 or alternatively with MYO7A, two proteins required for hair cell mechanotransduction
  • CDH23, PCDH15 bind tip-to-tip in a "handshake" mode that involves the EC1 and EC2 repeats ofCDH23, PCDH15
  • interaction between CDH23 and CAMSAP3/Marshalin plays a vital role in hearing and vision, suggesting that CDH23-C is a CAMSAP3/Marshalin-binding protein that can modify MT networks indirectly through its interaction with CAMSAP3/Marshalin
    • cell & other
    REGULATION
    ASSOCIATED DISORDERS
    corresponding disease(s) DFNB12 , USH1D
    related resource Hereditary Hearing Loss Homepage
    Susceptibility
  • to age-related hearing-loss
  • to both familial and sporadic pituitary adenoma (PA)
  • to semicircular canal dehiscence (SCD)
  • to noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL)
    • Variant & Polymorphism SNP
  • in exon 7, significant association with age-related hearing-loss
  • significantly increased risk of PAs in subjects with CDH23 mutations
  • children with a CDH23 pathogenic variants are at significantly increased risk of having SCD and this may be a contributing factor to the vestibular dysfunction in Usher syndrome type 1D patient population
  • genetic variant may modify the susceptibility to NIHL
    • Candidate gene
    Marker
    Therapy target
    ANIMAL & CELL MODELS
  • waltzer mouse, with stereocilia disorganization
  • salsa mice, which suffer from hearing loss due to a Cdh23 missense mutation modeling DFNB12 with hair cell development unaffected (salsa mutation affects interactions of CDH23 and PCDH15, even though the mutation affects an amino acid outside the ligand-binding domain in EC1)