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FLASH GENE
Symbol CHGA contributors: mct/npt/pgu - updated : 08-06-2013
HGNC name chromogranin A (parathyroid secretory protein 1)
HGNC id 1929
PROTEIN
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES globular
STRUCTURE
motifs/domains
conjugated GlycoP
isoforms Precursor
HOMOLOGY
Homologene
FAMILY
  • chromogranin/secretogranin protein family
    • CATEGORY secretory , storage
    SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION extracellular
        intracellular
    intracellular,cytoplasm,organelle,mitochondria
    intracellular,cytoplasm,cytosolic,granule
    intracellular,cytoplasm,cytosolic,vesicle
    text synaptic vesicles
    basic FUNCTION
  • peptide hormones and neurotransmitters secretory protein I, precursor of pancreastatin and vasostatin
  • acidic protein of secretory granules, binding calcium and aggregating in its presence
  • regulating catecholamines storage and release through intracellular and extracellular mechanisms
  • regulates the storage and release of catecholamines and may have direct actions on the microvasculature
  • densely packed into storage granules along with catecholamines, playing a catalytic role in granule biogenesis
  • associated with microglial activation cascades implicated in neurodegeneration
  • soluble glycoprotein stored along with hormones and neuropeptides in secretory granules of endocrine cells
  • CHGA, CHGB are involved in granulogenesis and protein sorting
  • CHGA, CHGB are regulators of vesicle cargo and exocytosis
  • functioning as a regulator of tumor vascularization
  • CHGA, CHGB are the main soluble proteins in the large dense core secretory vesicles (LDCVs) found in aminergic neurons and chromaffin cells
    • CELLULAR PROCESS
    PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS
    PATHWAY
    metabolism
    signaling
    a component
    INTERACTION
    DNA
    RNA
    small molecule
  • Ca2+
    • protein
  • interacting with EDN1 (variation in expression of the . CHGA gene influences endothelial EDN1 secretion, explained by a CHGA stimulus/EDN1 secretion coupling in endothelial cells)
  • SCG3 was able to bind the aggregated form of CHGA, suggesting that a small quantity of SCG3 is enough to carry a large quantity of CHGA
  • interact with STMN2 and STMN3 (share partial colocalization in the Golgi apparatus, and may be necessary for typical transmitter storage and release from chromaffin cells)
    • cell & other
    REGULATION
    ASSOCIATED DISORDERS
    corresponding disease(s)
    Other morbid association(s)
    TypeGene ModificationChromosome rearrangementProtein expressionProtein Function
    constitutional     --over  
    in inflammatory bowel disease
    tumoral     --over  
    in pancreatic tumors
    constitutional     --over  
    in cardiomyocytes could limit the hypoxia/reoxygenation injuries at molecular levels
    tumoral     --over  
    associated with increased noradrenergic activity and tumour size in patients with a single head and neck paragangliomas
    Susceptibility
  • to changes in blood pressure
  • to hypertensive end-stage renal disease (ESRD)
    • Variant & Polymorphism other
  • common genetic variants in the CHGA promoter may regulate heritable changes in blood pressure
  • common variants associate with the risk of hypertensive ESRD in blacks
    • Candidate gene for autonomic dysfunction syndromes and hypertension
    Marker
    Therapy target
    SystemTypeDisorderPubmed
    cardiovascularatheromacardiac
    potential therapeutic target for patients with myocardial ischemia
    ANIMAL & CELL MODELS