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FLASH GENE

Symbol

CHGA

contributors: mct/npt/pgu - updated : 08-06-2013

HGNC name	chromogranin A (parathyroid secretory protein 1)
HGNC id	1929

FLASH GENE DNA RNA EXPRESSION PROTEIN DISORDER ANIMAL & CELL MODELS

RNA

TRANSCRIPTS	type	messenger

identification nb exons type bp product Protein kDa AA specific expression Year Pubmed NM_001275 8 - 2079 NP_001266 - 457 - 2002 11854265

EXPRESSION

Type

widely

expressed in	(based on citations)
organ(s)	System Organ level 1 Organ level 2 Organ level 3 Organ level 4 Level Pubmed Species Stage Rna symbol Endocrine adrenal gland           neuroendocrine pituitary     highly   parathyroid       highly nervous brain diencephalon

cell lineage

cell lines

fluid/secretion

at STAGE

PROTEIN

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES		globular
STRUCTURE

motifs/domains

conjugated

GlycoP

isoforms

Precursor

HOMOLOGY

Homologene

FAMILY

chromogranin/secretogranin protein family

CATEGORY

secretory , storage

SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION	extracellular
	intracellular
	intracellular,cytoplasm,organelle,mitochondria
	intracellular,cytoplasm,cytosolic,granule
	intracellular,cytoplasm,cytosolic,vesicle
text	synaptic vesicles

basic FUNCTION	peptide hormones and neurotransmitters secretory protein I, precursor of pancreastatin and vasostatin
	acidic protein of secretory granules, binding calcium and aggregating in its presence
	regulating catecholamines storage and release through intracellular and extracellular mechanisms
	regulates the storage and release of catecholamines and may have direct actions on the microvasculature
	densely packed into storage granules along with catecholamines, playing a catalytic role in granule biogenesis
	associated with microglial activation cascades implicated in neurodegeneration
	soluble glycoprotein stored along with hormones and neuropeptides in secretory granules of endocrine cells
	CHGA, CHGB are involved in granulogenesis and protein sorting
	CHGA, CHGB are regulators of vesicle cargo and exocytosis
	functioning as a regulator of tumor vascularization
	CHGA, CHGB are the main soluble proteins in the large dense core secretory vesicles (LDCVs) found in aminergic neurons and chromaffin cells

CELLULAR PROCESS

PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS

PATHWAY

metabolism

signaling

a component

INTERACTION

DNA

RNA

small molecule
	Ca2+

protein	interacting with EDN1 (variation in expression of the . CHGA gene influences endothelial EDN1 secretion, explained by a CHGA stimulus/EDN1 secretion coupling in endothelial cells)
	SCG3 was able to bind the aggregated form of CHGA, suggesting that a small quantity of SCG3 is enough to carry a large quantity of CHGA
	interact with STMN2 and STMN3 (share partial colocalization in the Golgi apparatus, and may be necessary for typical transmitter storage and release from chromaffin cells)

cell & other

REGULATION

ASSOCIATED DISORDERS

corresponding disease(s)

Other morbid association(s)

Type Gene Modification Chromosome rearrangement Protein expression Protein Function constitutional     --over   in inflammatory bowel disease tumoral     --over   in pancreatic tumors constitutional     --over   in cardiomyocytes could limit the hypoxia/reoxygenation injuries at molecular levels tumoral     --over   associated with increased noradrenergic activity and tumour size in patients with a single head and neck paragangliomas

Susceptibility

to changes in blood pressure to hypertensive end-stage renal disease (ESRD)

Variant & Polymorphism other	common genetic variants in the CHGA promoter may regulate heritable changes in blood pressure
	common variants associate with the risk of hypertensive ESRD in blacks

Candidate gene	for autonomic dysfunction syndromes and hypertension
Marker
Therapy target
	System Type Disorder Pubmed cardiovascular atheroma cardiac potential therapeutic target for patients with myocardial ischemia

ANIMAL & CELL MODELS